国外跨流域调水工程对南水北调中线运行调度的启示.docxVIP

国外跨流域调水工程对南水北调中线运行调度的启 国外跨流域调水工程对南水北调中线运行调度的启示 王海潮 ,蒋云钟 ,鲁 帆 ,董延军 (中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所 ,北京 100044) 摘要 :对国外著名跨流域调水工程的运行调度情况进行介绍 ,简要分析其健全的政策法规 、统一的 管理模式 、先进的自动化调度系统 、调节水库的工程保障和科学合理的调水计划等成功经验以及运 行调度过程中关注的生态环境 、水价问题 。为实现南水北调中线水资源科学合理的运行调度 ,考虑 中国国情 ,得到几点启示 :国家应针对运行调度制定相关的 、完善的法律法规 ,对调水工程实行统一 管理 ,建立科学的水资源调度体系 ,开发自动化系统 ,避免其对生态环境的不利影响 ,探寻计划与市 场相结合的水价模式 。 关键词 :跨流域调水 ;南水北调中线工程 ;水资源运行调度 中图分类号 : TV68 文献标识码 :A 文章编号 :1006Ο7647 (2008) 02Ο0079Ο05 Inspiration of inter2basin water transfer a broa d on operation of middle route of South2to2North Water Transfer Project/ / WANG Hai2chao , J IANG Yun2zhong , LU Fan , DONG Yan2jun ( Department of Water Resources , China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research , Beijing 100044 , China) Abstract : Based on a brief introduction to the operation of some well2known inter2basin water transfer projects abroad , some operation and management experiences were summarized : effective policies , unified management pattern , advanced automatic operation system , safeguard for reservoir regulation , scientific and rational operation planning , problems related to the eco2 environment and water pricing. In order to realize scientific and rational operation of water resources in the middle route of the South2to2North Water Transfer Project , several inspirations are drawn as follows : to enact and perfect relevant laws and regulations in China , to form a scientific operation system of water resources , to implement unified management of water resources , to develop an automated system , to avoid adverse influence on the eco2environment and to search for the water price mode based on planning and the market . Key words : inter2basin water transfer ; middle route of South2to2North Water Diversion ; operation scheduling of water resources 河川径流是人类最早利用的水资源 ,但是由于 水资源时空分布的不均 ,一些地区的水资源严重短 缺 ,随着社会经济的发展 ,仅仅依靠当地的水资源已 难以满足经济发展的用水需求 。因此 ,为了缓解缺 水地区的供需矛盾 ,实现缺水地区经济社会持续稳 定的发展 ,世界上许多国家都兴建了跨流域调水工 程 ,从丰水流域向缺水流域进行调水 。本文对国外 著名跨流域调水工程的运行调