Chapter 4 Tward a Psychology of Stress4章对心理应激.pptVIP

“Modern man is sick because he is not whole.” —Carl Gustav Jung Mind-Body Connection Is the mind a function of the brain, a series of biochemical reactions, or is it a separate entity unto itself? This one question, perhaps more than any other, initiated the discipline of psychology. Mind-Body Connection (continued) In this chapter, we will look at how the mind perceives stress so that the “antiquated” stress response can be updated or re-circuited, highlighting some specific aspects of the psychology of stress. Psychological Nature of Stress This chapter will review the nature of stress from a psychological view. Several theories will be explored, including the theories and views of: Sigmund Freud Carl Gustav Jung Elisabeth Kübler-Ross Viktor Frankl Wayne Dyer Leo Buscaglia Abraham Maslow A Tibetan perspective of mind Sigmund Freud Freud believed that humans maintain a level of (instinctual) tension that arises from both internal sources (instinctual impulses) and external sources that attack our ego or identity. The ego copes with stress through the use of a host of defense mechanisms, including denial, repression, projection, rationalization, displacement, and humor. /watch?v=pE489rs0fPA Some of Freud’s Defensive Mechanisms Denial (I didn’t do it.) Repression (I don’t remember doing it.) Projection (He did it.) Rationalization (Everyone does it.) Displacement (He made me do it.) Humor (I did it, and a year from now I’ll laugh about it!) Sigmund Freud (continued) In Freud’s opinion, there is a constant instinctual tension between body and mind as the mind attempts to cater to the biological and physiological impulses in socially acceptable ways. This internal tension can be decreased, but because of the power of human instincts, it is never fully extinguished. Carl Gustav Jung Proposed many theories of the mind and consciousness He coined many household words such as: Introvert Extrovert Archetypes Individuation Synchronicity