实例分析：长难句常考三大经典从句_毙考题.docVIP

实例分析：长难句常考的三大经典从句 【摘要】一篇考研阅读理解文章中一般会出现3-5句长难句，而且还至少命制一道针对长难句理解的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。本文给出真题阅读中的一些典型的包含三大从句(即定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句)的例句，建议仔细分析理解，以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。 一、从语法成分来看 1.定语从句 (1)The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. [参考译文] 通过雇用大量的职业人才，这一变化满足了新时代的技术要求，防止了效率下降 在过去，这种效率下降经常使家族公司在充满活力的创业者之后的第二代或第三代毁掉全部财产。 [结构分析] 本句是一个并列句，以and连接；第一个分句的主干是The change met the technical requirements...，后面的介词结构by engaging a large professional element作状语，说明met the technical requirements of the new age的方式；第二个分句的主干是(the change) prevented the decline in efficiency，后面的that引导的定语从句修饰decline in efficiency。注意：engage此处的意思是 雇，聘 。 (2)A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research. [参考译文] 1996年进行的一项新闻调查表明，反科学的标签还被贴在其他许多团体身上 从主张消灭最后剩下的各种天花病毒的机构，到主张减少基础研究经费的共和党人。 [结构分析] 本句的主干是A survey...reveals that...，主语是survey，谓语是reveals，后面的that引导一个宾语从句，其主干是：the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well，后面的部分是from和to连接的两个名词：from authorities...to Republicans...，说明other groups的内容，而两个名词后面各自带一个定语从句，都由who引导。 The astonishing distrust of the news media isn t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers。 [参考译文] 读者对新闻媒体令人惊讶的不信任并非源于报道失实或报道技能较差，而是源于记者和读者之间世界观的日常冲突。 [结构分析] 本句的主干是distrust ... isn t rooted in... but in... (不信任的根源不是 而是 )，其中be rooted in... 的意思是 根源在于 。注意：这是一种特殊句式，重点在but之后的部分。 2.名词性从句 Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. [参考译文] 网络文化非常推崇这样