曲轴车梳加工稳定性分析及切削颤振实验研究开题报告.docx

曲轴车梳加工稳定性分析及切削颤振实验研究摘要车梳切削是新近发展起来用于汽车发动机曲轴轴颈加工的一种高效加工技术。车梳切削过程中，梳型刀齿以径向切入和轴向走刀交替往复的方式进行加工。这种切削方式在一定程度上改善了切削状态，减小了切削热，却无法避免切削颤振的产生。本课题以一套自主研发改造的车-车梳机床和配套刀具为平台，围绕车梳切削中的加工稳定性问题，建立了车梳切削过程的动力学模型和切削颤振实验平台，研究了机床-工件-刀具所组成的振动系统的动态响应，根据颤振理论求解出发生颤振的临界稳定条件，并通过切削颤振实验研究了刀具几何结构和切削用量对切削颤振的影响，最后验证了发生颤振的临界稳定条件。关键词：曲轴；车-车梳；切削颤振Crankshaft Turn-chasing Machining Stability Analysis and Cutting Chatter Experimental StudyAbstractTurn-chasing cutting is a high efficiency machining technology, which has been recently used for manufacturing the crankshaft journal of automobile engine. In the process of turn-chasing, the chasing teeth cut a workpiece with the reciprocating motion from radial to axial direction. Cutting this way,to some extent, can improve cutting conditions and reduce cutting heat, but cannot avoid the generation of cutting chatter. Taking the independently transformed turn-turn chasing machine tool and its supporting inserts as a platform, concentrating on the machining stability issues in turn-chasing process, the dynamics model of turn-chasing cutting process and chatter experimental platform was established. The dynamic response of the vibration system, consisting of tool-workpiece-cutter, is studied. And the critical stability condition, on which the cutting chatter is about to occur,is solved. Cutting chatter experiment had been conducted to study the influences of tool geometry and cutting parameters on cutting chatter, and verify the critical stability condition. Keywords: crankshaft; turn-turn chasing; cutting chatter1.课题研究背景1.1本课题来源本课题来源于“高档数控机床与基础制造装备”国家科技重大专项课题13“汽车发动机配套精密高效刀具开发”(2012ZX04003-041)。其中华东理工大学负责专项子课题：“汽车曲轴加工工艺及配套刀具”。该课题对国民经济具有较大意义。1.2本课题研究背景及意义车梳（turn-chasing）切削是新近发展起来用于汽车发动机曲轴轴颈加工的一种新型的高效干式加工技术[1]。由于采用多齿多刃梳型涂层硬质合金刀片，加工时以梳削（径向进给一个齿升量）和车削（轴向进给一个齿间距）往复交替的复合切削方式进行（如图1所示），起到了减小切削力热，降低切削温度和利于切屑分流控制的效果，并有效的保证了切屑的折断，因此，大大提高了曲轴的加工节拍和切削效率[2]。近几年来，车梳切削在乘用型汽车发动机曲轴加工中已逐渐取代较传统的车-拉（turn-broaching）和车-车拉(turn-turn-broaching)切削工艺，成为曲轴轴颈加工的一种主流切削技术。图1 车梳切削方式示意图车梳加工过程中，采