人身损害赔偿中的损益相抵规则分析-analysis of profit and loss offsetting rules in personal injury compensation.docxVIP

损益相抵，指受害人基于与所受损害的同一原因而受有利益时，其所受利益应当在计算损害赔偿数额时予以扣除的规则。损益相抵规则源于损害赔偿的填补功能，以填补 被害人实际损害为出发点，受害人不得因其损害已经得到填补的同时而受有额外利益。 大陆法系和普通法系许多国家和地区都已将损益相抵规则纳入本国立法，在未有法律明 文规定的国家和地区，损益相抵规则亦在其司法实践与学说研讨中一再予以确认。损益相抵制度看似明确，但是在大量的民事赔偿案件中，责任的大小以及赔偿范围 的确定常常对司法实践产生困扰。在人身损害赔偿领域，这一困扰体现得尤为明显。笔 者拟通过本文对人身损害赔偿中损益相抵规则进行研究并提出自己观点。本文除引言外分为四个部分： 第一部分从损益相抵的概念开始，介绍损益相抵的内涵及法律基础和法理基础，同时将损益相抵与相关法律制度的关系进行比较来进一步阐释损益相抵的内涵。 第二部分通过比较法学的研究方法，对大陆法系以及英美法系人身损害赔偿中的损益相抵规则进行研究，并对两大法系的相关理论研究及司法实践进行详细介绍。 第三部分通过民法解释学的研究方法结合各种学术观点，对损益相抵的适用要件及适用该规则时应当考虑的因素进行阐述。 第四部分首先对我国近年来关于损益相抵规则的理论研究和司法实践做了简单回顾。其次，本文作者提出完善我国人身损害赔偿中的损益相抵规则的具体建议，认为当 前应由最高人民法院制定具有普遍效力的司法解释，以指导人身损害赔偿中损益相抵规 则的真确适用；在将来的民事立法中应将损益相抵规则纳入民事立法，为损益相抵规则 在人身损害赔偿领域的司法适用提供正当法律依据。最后，文章结合国外司法实践，对 我国人身损害赔偿领域中几个如何适用损益相抵规则的具体问题给出合理化建议。关键词：损益相抵；人身损害赔偿；附随来源According to the rule of deduction of collateral benefits, benefits to the plaintiff that would not have accrued but for the injury and directly consequent on it shall be deducted when assessing damages. The rule of deduction of collateral benefits stems from the compensatory function of damages in Tort, with the starting point of filling the victims actual damage. Civil law and common law systems in many countries and districts have get the rule of deduction of collateral benefits into their national legislation, and those not have also confirmed the rule in their Jurisprudences and theoretical researches.The rule of deduction of collateral benefits seems clear in its appearance. However, in a large number of civil damage compensation cases, the size of responsibility and the scope of damages are always the troublesome problem to the judicial practice. It is in the tort field that the problem is more obvious. So the author intends to do some research by this article on the rule of deduction of collateral benefits and put forward his own viewpoints.There are four parts in this thesis besides the introduction.The first part introduces the concept of the rule of deduction of collateral benefits and its Connotations and theoret