英语科技文献的语言特点 科技英语翻译的基本的 方法和技巧.pptVIP

英语科技文献的语言特点;;;;;;Characteristics of Language Structure ：（语言结构特点）;一、大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）;二、广泛使用被动句;;三、非限定动词;A body can move uniformly and in a straight line if there is no cause to change that motion. A body can move uniformly and in a straight line, there being no cause to change that motion. 如果没有改变物体运动的原因，那么物体将作匀速直线运动。 Vibrating objects produce sound waves and each vibration produces one sound wave. Vibrating objects produce sound waves, each vibration producing one sound wave. 振动着的物体产生声波，每一次振动产生一个声波。 ;四、后置定语;;;长 句 英语句子大量使用连词、冠词、介词等功能词，以及不定式、动名词、分词等非谓语动词，使得句子的成分相当复杂。与汉语不同的是，英语的单词修饰语只能做前置定语，而短语或从句作为修饰成分，通常做后置定语。正是这种语言形式的特征，英语句子似乎可以无限制地“延伸”，使得汉语句子望尘莫及。 英语句子的语法特征是主谓（宾）齐全，缺一不可，如果一个句子的修饰成分很多，插入成分很多，再加上倒装、强调、割裂等语法手段的使用，要认识清楚这个复杂句的成分是不容易的。英语的特征是句子较长，往往比汉语长得多。这就意味着，英语的叙事方法与汉语的是不同的，这是汉人阅读英语时容易造成思维阻断的原因。;As the lights dim in parts of the nation because of an energy shortage, the model for supplying clean and abundant electricity in the 21st century can be found at a Portland sewage plant where methane collected form decomposing waste provides hydrogen to power a commercial fuel cell that transforms the volatile gas into enough electricity to light more than 100 homes for a year. 译文：最近由于能源短缺，美国部分地区电力供应不足。与此同时，在波特兰的一座污水工厂里却找到一种新的发电方式，能在21世纪提供丰富且清洁的电能。此方法将污水分解后所产生的甲烷收集起来，产生氢气，充入商用燃料蓄电池。这种蓄电池能够把这种不稳定的气体转化为电能，足以提供100个家庭一年的照明所需。 ;;六、常用句型;;;;;七、复合词与缩略词;As the lights dim in parts of the nation because of an energy shortage, the model for supplying clean and abundant electricity in the 21st century can be found at a Portland sewage plant where methane collected form decomposing waste provides hydrogen to power a commercial fuel cell that transforms the volatile gas into enough electricity to light more than 100 homes for a year The efforts that have been made to explain optical phenomena by means of the hypothesis of a medium having the same physical character as an elastic solid body led, in the first instance, to the understanding of a concrete example of a medium which