inalo3znom超晶格纳米线的合成及其形成机制研究-synthesis and formation mechanism of inal o3 znom superlattice nanowires.docx
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inalo3znom超晶格纳米线的合成及其形成机制研究-synthesis and formation mechanism of inal o3 znom superlattice nanowires
摘 要近年来,由于一维纳米材料具有独特的物理、化学特性以及在纳米器件中的 应用前景,它的制备引起了人们的广泛关注。ZnO 是一种直接宽带隙半导体(Eg = 3.37 eV),是继宽带半导体材料 GaN 之后又一研究热点,因其与 GaN 相比具有大 的激子束缚能(60 meV),大于室温下的热离化能(26 meV),可保证在室温下实 现紫外激射,因而成为制作紫外激光器的众多候选材料之一。ZnO 对环境无害具 有生物安全性,同时又是一种多功能半导体材料,高的机电耦合系数、恶劣条件 下的高稳定性,使其在光发射器件等方面都有广泛的应用前景。对 ZnO 纳米材料 物理性质的改善,是研究的重点。除了控制材料的尺寸、结构外,在 ZnO 中掺入 N、P 等Ⅴ族元素也可实现 ZnO 从 n 型到 p 型的转换;在 ZnO 中掺入 Al、Ga、In 等Ⅲ族元素,通过提高载流子浓度的办法可增强其导电的能力。为了进一步提高 ZnO 的紫外发光强度以及基于超晶格结构的量子限域效应可以提高材料的发光效 率,InAlO3(ZnO)m 超晶格纳米线成为了研究的热点。本论文通过 CVD 方法,用 Au 做催化剂,首次成功的合成出 InAlO3(ZnO)m 超m晶格纳米线。高分辨透射电镜观察出纳米线是由 InO2 ?层以及 AlO(ZnO) +块沿着 [0001]方向交替堆垛在一起所组成的。这些纳米线的周期和它们的直径是成比例 的,而纳米线的直径是由 Au 颗粒的尺寸决定。利用表面能与微结构的关系解释了 观察到的周期和直径的线性关系。关键词:ZnO; InAlO3(ZnO)m; 纳米线; 超晶格结构; 光致发光IAbstractRecently, the fabrication of one-dimensional nanostructures has been attracting great attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and promising application in nanodevices. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a direct wide-band gap (3.37 eV) semiconductor with a large exciton binding energy of 60 meV, which ensures its efficient ultraviolet (UV) emission up to room temperature. So far, ZnO has attracted extensive attention after GaN as a promising candidate material for fabricating optoelectronic devices operating in the blue and UV region. Based on the high electromechanical coupling factor, biology security, high stability under hard conditions and the versatile applications of the ZnO material, one dimensional ZnO nanostructures have been extensively studied. On the physical properties of ZnO nano materials, improvement is the focus of research. In addition to controlling the size of materials,structures, mixed in ZnO in N, P, etc. Ⅴ group elements can also be achieved from then-type ZnO to p-type conversion; in ZnO mixed with Al, Ga, In, etc. Ⅲ group elements, by improve the way the carrier concentration can enhance the ability of their conductivity. To further improve the UV light intensity and the superlattice structure based on quantum confinement effect can i
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