语法：非谓语动词讲解.docVIP

语法：非谓语动词讲解 一、? 形式变化： 主动：to do sth. to be doing sth to have done 被动：to be done to have been done 二、句中的作用： 1. 主语： To master a foreign language is not easy. To love and to be loved is a great happiness of life. It is important for sb. to do sth. It is very nice of you to say so. 2.表语： His wish is to be a teacher of English. She seems to be happy. 3.宾语： He loved to listen to music. I find it difficult to speak English well. We have decided to experiment with a new method. 4.定语：不定式和名词有三种逻辑关系。 There is lots of work to do. I want to find a house to live in. It’s my turn to be on duty today. My dream to be a teacher finally came true. You are the very person to do the job. 5.状语：(目的、结果、原因等)in order to vs. only to She looked into the window to see what was going on inside. I started early so as to get there before supper time. He lived to see his children grow up. He is too young to go to school. I worked hard only to fail at last. The children jumped with joy to hear of the arrival of Father Christmas. We are proud to be members of this team. 补充说明：inf. 常可用在某些作表语的形容词后面作状语： 说明产生这种情绪的原因： happy, glad, pleased, sorry, lucky, surprised, angry, able, right, ready, clever, foolish, quick, slow, polite, wrong, etc. We are surprised to find him there. You are kind to help us. Be careful not to catch cold. ?或在哪方面存在表语形容词所表示的情况easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, interesting, exciting, comfortable, etc. 此时，尽管inf. 和宾语存在着动宾关系，然而，不定式不能用被动式，应用主动式。 The girl was easy to get on with. The room is pleasant to live in. The question is rather difficult to answer. The story is interesting to read. 6.补足语： China expects every man to do his duty. I could not make them understand me. They helped me (to) carry the boxes. The earth was not known to be a planet. We were made to pay the money. A man was seen to enter the house, and was heard to give some order. 三、inf. 的各种结构： 1.??否定结构：