第二讲：先秦诸子散文(1).pptVIP

Syntax - deep anaphora (深层前指) 子曰：“知及之，仁不能守之，虽得之，必失之。知及之，仁能守之，不庄以莅之，则民不敬。知及之，仁能守之，庄以莅之，动之不以礼，未善也。” Ku Hungming: There are men who attain knowledge by their understanding; but, if they have not moral character sufficient to hold fast to it, such men will lose it again. Legge： The Master said, When a mans knowledge is sufficient to attain ?, and his virtue is not sufficient to enable him to hold ?, whatever he may have gained ?, he will lose ? again. ? Watson: The Master said, You might have sufficient knowledge to gain a position, but if you do not have the humaneness needed to hold on to it, then although you gain it, you will surely lose it. Syntax – 缩合句 不夺不餍。 If they are not snatching, they are not satisfied. Syntax – 倒装 臣未之闻也。 I have never heard of it. 甚矣，汝之不惠 微斯人，吾谁与归？ 第二讲先秦诸子散文 (一) 翻译即阐释 George Steiner George Steiner (After Babel: Aspects of Language and Translation, 1975) “All understanding, and the demonstrative statement of understanding which is translation, starts with an act of trust.” (Steiner, 1975: 181) “Translation is, and always will be, the mode of thought and understanding.” (Steiner, 1975: 264) 林语堂：Translation = paraphrase Lin Yutang (The Wisdom of Confucius, 1938)? I consider a translation in this case as indistinguishable from paraphrase, and believe that is the best and most satisfying method. But comments are implied throughout in the work of translation, and I regard a translation of this kind as commenting itself, for there is no intelligent translation without the translator’s interpretation of the text to be translated. This is especially true of translation from an ancient Chinese text into modern English. In the first place, the words used are necessarily so different in their general connotation, and in the second place, the ancient texts are unusually terse and concise, almost oracular in character at places, and one has to supply the necessary connectives and other words made necessary by the English syntax. Furthermore, C