五种句子基本类型.pptVIP

但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（adj./adv./num.数词）短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）或从句。我们称之为：定语、状语 一、 定语： 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的 词、短语或句子，译为‘‘……的’’ 观察下列句子中定语的用法： Two boys need two pens. His name is Tom. The boy in blue is Tom. The boy there needs a pen. The boy needs a ball pen. There is nothing to do today. The pen bought by her is made in China. The boy who you will know is Tom. 定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。 复合不定代词（something/nothing）之后； 不定式/分词短语/从句作定语时要放在 被修饰的成分后； 副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 二、状语： 状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的句子成分，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。可用作状语的有副词,不定式，分词，介词短语，从句等。 1.The boy needs a pen very much. 2.On Sundays, there is no student in school. 3. The boy needs a pen to do his homework. 4. He sits there, asking for a pen. 5. Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. 6. Even if she laughs at him, he adores her. 此句型是由“there+be+主语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town. Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如： 现在有 there is/are … 过去有 there was/were… 将来有 there will be…；there is /are going to be... 现在已经有 there has/have been… 可能有 there might be... 肯定有 there must be …/there must have been... 过去曾经有 there used to be … 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be … 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be … 巩固练习 （一） 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasnt done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. (二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired. -- The leaves have turned yellow. -- Soon They all became interested in the subject. (三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sw