必修四Unit 2 Working the land Grammar精品.pptVIP

playing football used as the subject Playing football is my favourite sport. My sister enjoys standing alone on the seashore. standing used as the object The cartoon is amusing. amusing used as the predicative 说出下面句中动词-ing部分在句中作什么成分。 China is developing country. developing used as the attribute We heard her singing in her room. singing used as the object complement She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. reading used as the adverbial 在本单元首先讲解动词-ing 形式在句中作主语和宾语的用法。 The -ing form as the subject and object 1. 直接置于句首 (1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。 (2)Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 动词-ing形式作主语 2. 用形式主语it，把真正的主语-ing形式移 置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限 制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数 名词。 (1)It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 (2)It’s worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3)It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 It + be + a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的 There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： 1. 只能后接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词或短 语，常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk等。 I can’t avoid going. 我不能不去。 动词-ing形式作宾语 2. 既可接动词-ing又可接不定式作宾语的 动词，常见的有：begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, mean, forget, remember, hate等。 I hope they continue to fight for equal justice after Im gone. Diana and Roy Jarvis are determined to continue working when they reach retirement age. A. 在like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后， 用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不 同，只是侧重点有些不同，动词-ing形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。 B. 在begin/start, continue之后，用动 词-ing和不定式，意义无甚区别， 尤其是当主语是人的时候。 I remember posting the letter. 我记得我已把信寄了。 I’ll remember to post the