That 用法初探.docVIP

That 用法初探 一．用作代词，代替人或物，其反义词为this,复数形式为those.如： ------Don’t grin like that. ------This tastes better than that. 注：①that往往可以代替前面提到的可数名词，以避免重复，但必须是这一名词在第二次出现时有后置定语。 -----The population of China is larger than that of America. ②that 作代词，往往用于特指，相当于“that +名词”，它也是只能代替事情不能代替人（定语从句除外）；而one用于泛指，相当于“a/an +名词”，one 可代替事情也可代替人。如： 1）His attitude to me was that of a comrade. =the attitude 2）I’m looking for a house and I like one with a garden.=a house -------The best coal is that from Datong. -------He is not one to bow before difficulties. 二．用作形容词，后接复数名词时用those. ------This street is broader than that one. ------That unforgettable ten days in Algeria. (此处将“十天”视作一个整体，故用that,也可用those.) 三、用作副词，意思为“达到这样的程度”、“如此”，相当于so. 如: -----I know only that much. -----Can you walk that far? 四．用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，可以指人或物，代替who, whom, which.但如果先行词前面有形容词最高级或all, any, little, much, no, only 和不定代词修饰时，关系代词只能用that。 另外，that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时，通常可以省略；反之，作主语时，不能省略。（不作介词宾语，不构成非限制性定语从句）如： -----This is the best article that has been written on the subject. -----The letter(that/which) I received yesterday was from my brother. 五、用作连词，在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后引导宾语从句，常常可以省略。当and连接两个或更多的宾语从句时，that往往不可省略。 -----He told me (that) he had finished his homework and that he would go to the cinema tonight. 当宾语从句较长时，往往可以用it作形式宾语。 ----We make it clear that he is very honest. it为形式宾语 六、用作连词，引导主语从句，表语从句、同位语从句，在从句中不作任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但一般不能省略。 ----That he did it himself made us very happy. ----The trouble is that you couldn’t come. ----I had no idea that he had gone abroad. 注意：当主语从句较长时，往往可以用it代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句置后，以达到平衡句子的目的。 ----It is a pity that you didn’t attend the interesting party. 七、构成固定句式 in order that---, so that---, so---that, such---that. 八、用于强调结构中，构成强调句型。 ---It was after talking for half an hour that the old man mentioned the name of Kunta Kinte. --It was my ancestor that I decided to find out about. 九．That 的固定搭配 ①and all that诸如此类 ----Poverty compelled him to sell his house, clothes, and all that