华南生态区超级稻育种的主要成就及未来发展趋势.docVIP

华南生态区超级稻育种的主要成就及未来发展趋势 沈阳农业大学,2007—10,38(5):732-738 JournalofShenyangAgriculturalUniversity,2007—10,38(5):732—738 华南生态区超级稻育种的主要成就及未来发展趋势 林青山,江奕君 (广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广州510640) 摘要:中国超级稻研究项目启动至今,对促进我国的粮食增产,提升我国水稻育种水平发挥了重要作用.广东省农业科学院自1996 年以来.作为中国超级稻研究项目主要发起和承担单位,承担了该项目的华南稻区超级稻选育研究工作.在开创水稻生态育种并 取得显着成就的基础上,经过l0年攻关,再创华南超级稻育种新辉煌.先后构建出早长,根深超级稻株型模式和华南广适应型 优质超级稻株型模式;在优质超级晚稻育种和广适型超级稻育种方面率先取得重大突破;先后育成一批达标优质超级稻,主要代 表品种有:品质可与泰国优质香米相媲美的优质超级稻品种胜泰l号,我国超级晚稻育种取得突破的先锋品种桂农占和大穗高结 实的广适型超级稻品种玉香油占等,这些超级稻正迅速在生产上大面积推广应用,创造了显着的社会经济效益. 关键词:华南;生态育种;超级稻;广适应型;群体株型;个体优势 中图分类号:S5¨;S511.3.3文献标识码:A文章编号:1OO0—1700(2007)05一o732一cr7 PrimaryAchievementandDevelopmentalTrendsofSuperRiceBreeding inSouthChinaEcologicalRegion LINQing—shan,JIANGYi~un (RiceResearchInstitute,GuangdongAcademyofAculturalSciences,Guangzhou510640,China) Abstract:Chinasuperriceresearchprojecthasplayedanimportantroleinincreasingfoodproductionandimprovingrice breedinglevelinChinasinceitsinitiation.AsmaininitiatingandundertakingunitofChinasuperriceresearchproject,Guang— dongAcademyofAgriculturalScienceshasundertakensuperricebreedingworksoftheprojectinSouthChinasince1996.On thebasisofinitiationofriceecologicalbreedingandsignificantachievements,newsplendorofsuperricebreedinginSouthChi— nahasbeenrecreatedafter10yearshardwork.Superriceplanttypemodelofearlygrowthanddeeprootsandwideadapt— abilityandgoodqualitysuperriceplanttypemodelinSouthChinawereconstructedsuccessively;greatbreakthroughshavebeen madeingoodqualitylatesuperricebreedingandwideadaptabilitysuperricebreeding;anumberofgoodqualitysuperrice varietieshavebeendeveloped,andmainvarietiesincludeShengtai1,thequalitybeingasgoodasgoodqualityfragrantriceof Thailand.Guinongzhan,thepioneeringvarietythatachievedbreakthroughinlatesuperricebreedinginChina,andYuxiangy— ouzhan,awideadaptablesuperricevarietywithbigpaniclesandhighsettingpercentage,etc.,andthesesuperricevarietiesare quicklyadoptedinproductioninlargescale,creatingsignificantsocialandeconomicbenefits. Keywords:SouthChina;ecologicalbreeding;sup