[文学]普通语言学讲义.docVIP

普通语言学讲义 Table of Content Chapter 1: Introduction 1. What is linguistics? 2. What is language? Chapter 2: Phonology 1. Phonetics 2. Phonology 3. Superasegmental features Chapter 3: Morphology 1. Morphology 2. Morphological rules of word formation 3. Compounds Chapter 4: Syntax 1. What is syntax 2. Transformational Grammar 3. Categories 4. Phrase structure rule 5. Sentence 6. Transformation Chapter 5: Semantics 1. What is semantics? 2. Some views concerning the study of meaning 3. Lexical meaning 4. Sense relations between sentences 5. Analysis of meaning Chapter 6: Pragmatics 1. Some basic notions 2. Speech act theory 3. Principle of conversation Chapter 7: Language change 1. Sound change 2. Morphological and syntactic change 3. Vocabulary change 4. Some recent trend 5. Causes of language change Chapter 8: Language and society 1. The scope of sociolinguistics 2. Varieties of language 3. Standard dialect 4. Pidgin and creole 5. Bilingualism and diaglossia Chapter 9: Language and culture 1. The relationship between language and culture 2. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis 3. Linguistic evidence of cultural differences 4. The significance of cultural teaching and learning 5. Cultural overlap and diffusion 6. Intercultural communication Chapter 10: Language acquisition 1. Theories of child language acquisition 2. Language environment and the Critical Period Hypothesis 3. Stages of child language development 4. Atypical development Chapter 11: Second language acquisition 1. Contrastive analysis 2. Error analysis 3. Interlanguage 4. The role of native language in second language acquisition 5. Second language learning models and input hypothesis 6. Individual differences Chapter 1: Introduction 1. What is linguistics? Linguistics is the scientific study of language. linguistics studies not any particular language, but language in general. A person who studies linguistics is known as a linguist. Four principles of linguistic studies Exhaustiveness/adequacy( Consisten