(精选)中国历史文化概况(英文版)Unit 12 Religion and Philosophy课件.pptVIP

Unit 12 Religion and Philosophy;Text A Religions in China;Major religions in China are Buddhism, Daoism, Islam and Christianity, including Catholicism and Protestantism. Among these, Buddhism and Daoism have the longest history and have exerted the greatest influence on Chinese culture, historically as well as contemporaneously.; Followers of different religions have both national and local organizations in China. The local organizations of different religions also handle their own affairs independently, publish their own journals, and maintain their own religious institutes of higher learning to train new staff and researchers. In accordance with the relevant stipulations in China’s Constitution, religious personages have been elected to the People’ s Congresses and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conferences at all levels to deliberate on issues concerning national affairs and help to ensure the proper implementation of the policy of freedom of religious beliefs. This contributes great deal to the stability and unity of the country. ;Taoism?;Beliefs;Text B Lao Zi and His Philosophy;The Life of Lao Zi;The philosophy of Lao Zi; The years from the late 8th century to the early 5th century B.C., now known as the Spring and Autumn Period, were indeed a time that tried men’s souls. The old centralized authority of the Western Zhou Dynasty which had held the country together since the 11th century B. C. had disintegrated and dukes under it had become “strong men” rivaling each other for hegemony.;Lao Zi reacted to the chaos of the age by propounding a philosophy for turning away from it. Next to Confucianism, the Daoist school founded by Lao Zi is undoubtedly the most important and influential Chinese philosophy. No other doctrine of the ancient period except Confucianism has for so long maintained its vigor and attractiveness to the Chinese mind. In many ways the doctrines of Confucianism and Daoism complement each other, running side by side l