(精选)中国历史文化概况(英文版)Unit 6 Education and Employment课件.pptVIP

Text A Ancient Education in China Text B Innovation of Education in Ming Qing Dynasties Supplementary Reading Chinas Employment Situation ;整体上掌握Text A和Text B 两篇文章的内容，包括背景资料，单词，相关专有名词等。 完成Text A 和Text B 的课后题目。 浏览Text C。 ;导读：　春秋时孔子兴办私学，“有教无类”。突破了官府对文化教育的垄断，扩大了教育对象的范围。西汉武帝时推行儒学教育，在长安兴办太学，还令天下郡国设立学校，初步建立起地方教育系统。隋唐科举制度的完备推动了教育事业的发展，自此，从中央到地方，已建立起了一整套学校体制。 宋代学校制度更为完备，在中央有太学、国子学等，宋代私人讲学的书院兴起。书院注重依照封建伦理观念培养学生的道德品行，在学习方法上也鼓励讨论、辩难和让学生自讲心得，风气比较活跃。明朝强化了前代的科举制度。为了严厉控制士人的思想，实行八股取士，这体现出君主专制的强烈色彩。明代中期以来，书院比较兴盛，明朝后期东林书院以其评识朝政的活动而著名。清朝前期的科举和学校，基本承袭明代的制度，在教育方面进一步加强思想控制和文化专制。;In the Spring and Autumn Period (770BC - 476BC), private schools prevailed and many scholars of different schools of thought spread their teaching in this way. ? Confucius, the great educator, devoted all his life to the private school system and instructed most students. It is said that over three thousand disciples followed him, among whom there were 72 sages who went on to broaden the acceptance of the philosophy set out by their master - Confucianism: a philosophy embracing benevolence in living, diligence in learning, and so on.;The Nine Grades of Rank in the Regime System (or Jiupin zhongzheng system), employed the following method: in each state and county there was official acting as Zhongzheng with authority to decide how people were ranked in the local precincts according to ability. ;The system of the Imperial Examination, or Keju in Chinese, became the method by which talented people were recognized and selected for future positions in civil service.;The imperial examinations comprised two parts namely an arts exam and the wushu exam. The arts examination includes composition, study of books, laws, calligraphy, paintings and so on.;In the Song Dynasty subjects raised by government had been much less than that in the Tang Dynasty, but the examination for jin shi was still fashionable. Meanwhile, regardless of form and content, the system underwent great innovation. Firstly the extension of matri