(精选)【医学英文课件】 Methods in Image Analysis – Lecture 2 Local Operators and Global Transforms教学课件.pptVIP

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(精选)【医学英文课件】 Methods in Image Analysis – Lecture 2 Local Operators and Global Transforms教学课件.ppt

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Methods in Image Analysis – Lecture 2Local Operators and Global Transforms;Preface;Point Operators;Histogram Equalization;Adaptive Thresholding from Histogram;Algebraic Operators;;;Convolution and Correlation;Neighborhood PDE Operators; Vector Direction of maximum change of scalar intensity I. Normal to the boundary. Nicely n-dimensional. ; Scalar Maximum at the boundary Orientation-invariant. ;;Classic Edge Detection Kernel (Sobel);Isosurface, Marching Cubes (Lorensen);Marching cubes works well with raw CT data. Hounsfield units (attenuation). Threshold calcium density.;Other Useful 3D Rendering Methods;Drebin, R. A., Carpenter, L., AND Hanrahan, P. Volume rendering. Computer Graphics 22, 4 (Aug. 1988), 65--74.; Ixy = Iyx = curvature Orientation-invariant. What about in 3D? ;Viewing the intensity as “height”;Laplacian of the Intensity;Binomial Kernel;From Insight into Images, Yoo;Blurring the derivative of an image = Convolving with the derivative of a Gaussian;Binomial Difference of Offset Gaussian (DooG);Difference of Gaussian Operators (DOG)(not offset);From Insight into Images, Yoo;Edge Enhancement (area under kernel = 0);Boundary Profiles (Tamburo);Boundary Profiles;Boundary profiles reduce error in location due to sampling.;Variable Conductance Diffusion (VCD);Other basis sets for boundary kernel.;Texture Boundaries;Ridges;Global Transforms in n dimensions;Orthographic Transform Matrix;Translation by (tx , ty); 2 x 2 rotation portion is orthogonal (orthonormal vectors). Therefore only 1 degree of freedom, .; 3 x 3 rotation portion is orthogonal (orthonormal vectors). 3 degree of freedom (dotted circled), , as expected.; When vector is made homogeneous (dividing to make last component 1), x and y are made smaller in the distance. For X-ray or direct vision, projects onto the (x,y) plane. Rescales x and y for “perspective” by changing the “1” in the homogeneous coordinates, as a function of z.;Anisotropic Scaling of Vectors (ITK Softwa