《国贸专业英语》第8章资料InternationalTransportation.docVIP

Unit 8 International Transportation 国际运输 A clear explanation is given to terms like cargo(货物) , freight （运费）and various kinds of containers（集装箱） and their usages. Transportation by vessel（船只） is cheap but cargoes are often subjected to （遭受）many damages. The fastest way of international transportation is air cargo service with fast ground handling (地面勤务)of cargo. 3. Let us differentiate cargo from freight. 让我们来区分一下cargo 和 freight 两个词。In ocean shipping parlance(说法，术语)the term cargo refers to the actual , physical goods (货物实体)and packing to be transported.在远洋运输术语中，cargo这个词专指要被运输的实际的货物实体和包装。 Freight is the money charged (索价) to do the job. Freight这个词则指做这些所要付的费用。The distinction(区别) is not always made for land transportation , and cargo is often called freight when dealing with railroads of truckers.这两个词在陆上运输中并不总是加以区分，当谈到铁路或卡车时，cargo 就常被称为freight。 4. Bulk cargo(散装货)is an undivided quantity of great mass. 散装货是指数量上未分的大宗货物。Examples of cargo commonly shipped in bulk are grain, cement, coal, and lumber(木材). 通常由散装运输的货物是谷物、水泥、煤炭和木材。These examples, which are in solid form ,are called dry bulk cargo(干散装货). 这些固体形态的货物被称为干散装货。They are stowed(把……装进……里)pouring（倒进） or placing them into large hold areas built into the ship. 他们的装载方式是将其倒进或放置在船内修的大舱里。There are also liquid bulk cargos ,such as crude oil (原油)or liquid chemicals ,which are stowed in tanks.还有流体散装货如原油或液体化学品，它们是罐装的。 5. Cargo may be placed in special containers that be transported by ship, train, truck, or a mixture of the three to complete a journey.货物可能被装进专门的集装箱里，再由船、火车、卡车或三者共同运输来完成整个旅程。It is important to select the right type of container for the protection of the specific cargo to be shipped, and there are many types to choose from. 为了保护要运的特别的货物而选择合适的集装箱类型很重要，而且有很多类型可供选择。Almost all containers have a document holder（文件夹）on them so that documents can safely accompany (伴随)the shipment. 几乎所有的集装箱都有一个文件夹，这样所有的文件夹就可以安全地伴随运输。Aside from this there are much dissimilarity（不同）between type