何谓形容词.docVIP

何謂『形容詞』？ 形容詞常用來修飾名詞或主詞，形容某個人或某個東西，形容詞可以放在Be動詞之後或是名詞之前。而形容詞的比較可分為「原級」、「比較級」和「最高級」三種。 壹、形容詞的用法與意義： 用來修飾「名詞」及「代名詞」，並且表示其性質、狀態、數量的詞性，就稱為形容詞。 例1：She is a beautiful girl. (她是一位美麗的女孩。) 例2：The novel is really good. (這本小說真的很棒。) 而形容詞有以下兩種基本用法：（1）限定用法，也就是把形容詞放在名詞的前面；（2）補述用法：也就是把形容詞放在動詞後當補語。 例1：This is a happy family. (這是一個快樂的家庭。) 例2：Maria looks great today. (Maria今天看起來很快樂。) 如果要表示不確定的數與量，就叫做「數量形容詞」。常見的有： many(許多)後接複數名詞， much(許多)後接不可數名詞，兩者都等於“a lot of”或” lot of”。 例1：We have many books in our library. =We have a lot of books in our library. (我們的圖書館裡有許多書) 例2：We should drink much water when we catch colds. =We should drink a lot of water when we catch colds. (感冒時，我們必須多喝水) a few(一些) 後接複數名詞， a little(一些)後接不可數名詞，兩者都等於“some”。 例1：They have a few American friends here. =They have some American friends here. (他們在這裡有一些美國朋友。) 例2：Sam drinks a little milk for his breakfast. =Sam drinks some milk for his breakfast. (Sam喝了一些牛奶當早餐。) some 通常出現在肯定句及直述句當中，若要造疑問句及否定句，則要用any(任何)。 例1：Bill ate some pork and beef for dinner. 直述句 Did Bill eat any pork and beef for dinner? 疑問句 (Bill晚餐吃了豬肉嗎？) 例2：They read some books about sports last year. 直述句 They didn’t read any books about sports last year. 否定句 (他們去年沒看任何有關運動的書籍。) few(不多)等於”not many”，little(不多)等於 “not much”兩者皆具有否定的意義。 例：Susan can only speak a little French, so she can’t go to Paris alone. (Sue只會說一點點的法文，所以她不能獨自去巴黎。) 貳、形容詞的「原級」、「比較級」和「最高級」 形容詞的原級 句型as…as…（和…一樣…）的用法。用於描述兩程度相同之人事物的「原級比較」。 肯定句句型1：主詞＋Be動詞＋as＋形容詞＋as＋比較對象. Joan is as smart as her sister.（Joan和她姊姊一樣聰明。） 肯定句句型2：主詞＋動詞＋as＋副詞＋as＋比較對象 Mike runs as fast as his brother.（Mike和他哥哥跑得一樣快） 否定句句型 ：主詞＋Be動詞＋not＋as（或so）＋形容詞＋as＋比較對象. The puppy is not as(so) small as the mouse.(小狗不像老鼠那麼小。) ? as…as…：可用於肯定句和否定句； so…as…：只限用於否定句 【演練】 ( ) Ms.Wu is as Ms. Chen. (A) as poor (B) the poorest (C) poorer (D) so poor ( ) Your English is as as my English. = You speak English as as I. (A) good; good (B) well; well (C) good; well (D) wel