12、13 第十二十三周 存在句无主句PPT.pptVIP

汉语存在句的英译 ;汉语存在句的类型;1、有+名词/短语+附加语（动词/形容词/主谓结构短语等）;2、时地语+有+名词（短语）+附加语或 时地语+存在动词+名词（短语）+ 附加语;山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫“黄龙古寺”。寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测。寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被碳酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认。 原文通过“山谷顶端”~“古寺”、“寺前”~“溶洞”、“寺后”~“石碑”~“碑檐”、“碑文”等一系列的“主题-说明”结构，将古寺的方位及其周围的事物交代得一清二楚，空间关系十分明确。 On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erected behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable. 译文虽然把原文的每一事物也做了详细交代，但由于断句不当且频频更换主语，使得译文的空间关系有些凌乱。 表达时不仅要注意句子内部成分的意义是否忠实无误，还要特别重视各成分之间的语义关系是否也正确无误，这就要依靠词序安排及对句子主语的选择。建议改译如下：;山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫“黄龙古寺”。寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测。寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被碳酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认。 原：On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erected behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable. 改：On top of the hill stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) structure for a Taoist retreat. In front of the monastery is a karst cave of infinite depth, and behind it stands a stone tablet, all but the top having been eroded by calcium carbonate and the inscriptions on the tablet hardly distinguishable. ; 段落练习1 沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少有人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，翁翁郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树。没有月亮的晚上，这路上阴森森的有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。;①沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。②这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少有人走，夜晚更加寂寞。③荷塘四面，长着许多树，翁翁郁郁的。④路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树。⑤没有月亮的晚上，这路上阴森森的有些怕人。⑥今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。 ① A path paved with coal-dust zigzags along the lotus pond so secluded as to be little frequented in the daytime, to say nothing of its loneliness at night. ② Around the pond grows profusion of luxuriant trees. ③ On one side of the path are some willows and other trees whose names are unknown to me. ④ On moonless nights, the place has a gloomy, somewhat forbidding appearance. ⑤ But on thi