工程供应链.pptVIP

工程供应链 供应链管理的含义 供应链管理(Supply Chain Management, SCM) 这一新的管理模式源于制造业，并且已得到成熟的应用。企业如果以一种长期、忠实、信任的关系把供应商作为合作伙伴一起经营，将会提高产品质量并减少生产成本。供应链是围绕核心企业，通过对信息流、物流、资金流的控制，从采购原材料开始，制成中间产品以及最终产品，最后由销售网络把产品送到消费者手中，将供应商、制造商、分销 商、零售商直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构模式。 供应链管理最初的论文是1983年和1984年发表在《哈佛商业评论》上的两篇论文。SCM更早的起源是源于迈克·波特1980年发表的《竞争优势》一书中提出的“价值链“(value chain)的概念。其后，SCM的概念、基本思想和相关理论在美国开始迅速发展。关于供应链管理的定义有多种不同的表述。 The Institute for Supply Management describes supply chain management as “the design and management of seamless, value-added process across organizational boundaries to meet the real needs of the end customer. The development and integration of people and technological resources are critical to successful supply chain integration.” The Supply-Chain Council’s definition of supply chain management is “managing supply and demand, sourcing raw materials and parts, manufacturing and assembly, warehousing and inventory tracking, order entry and order management, distribution across all channels, and delivery to the customer.” The Council of Logistics management defines supply chain management as “… the systemic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across business within the supply chain for the purpose of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole .” Dr. Hau Lee and his coauthor Mr. Corey Billington define supply chain management as “the integration activities taking place among a network of facilities that procure raw materials, transform them into intermediate goods and then final products, and deliver products to customers through a distribution system.” CSC consists of all the construction business processes, from the demands by the client, conceptual, design and construction to maintenance, replacement and eventual decommission of building, and organizations, which are involved in the c