碳燃料电池的设计与应用.pptVIP

碳燃料电池的设计与应用 团队成员： 研制背景 “节能减排”是我国的基本能源政策 ； 火力发电污染物多且效率难有大幅提高 ； 我国是燃煤大国,煤炭是我国的主要能源,研究意义更为显著; 燃料电池的理论效率 * SKLCC 直接碳燃料电池（Direct Carbon Fuel Cell，DCFC） 1. DCFC的研制背景介绍 2. DCFC的优势及创新性 3. DCFC的反应机理及模型制作 4. 挑战 5. 研究计划 LAMD Coal Combustion Electrical power NOx SOX PARTICALS CO2 70% 80% 90% 67% 70% 煤燃烧：污染物多 DCFC与传统发电方式相比的优势及创新性 SKLCC 高效：直接通过电化学反应产生电能，效率可达80%，燃料的理论利用率可达100% 清洁：直接、高效地实现C到CO2的转换,有利于CO2的富集与减排，减小污染； 固体氧化物作为电解质，便于运输、保存和制造 ； 市场前景广阔（国内的研究尚在起步阶段，可见潜力巨大，市场广阔，国外研究有一定的成果，也给我们提供了信心。具有广阔的市场应用前景和开发价值，这也符合我们国家倡导的“节能减排”的政策。 ） （1）良好的操作性能。 （2）灵活可靠的输出性能 （3）灵活的结构特性 ?G/?H=(?H- T?S)/?H=(1-T?S/?H) LAMD General characteristics of main fuel cell types 1 General characteristics of main fuel cell types 2 LAMD Unique attractive features of DCFC LAMD Great thermodynamic advantages over other fuel cell types(H2,CH4) and conventional power generation plants at 600℃ ?S=1.6jK-1mol ?G=-395.4kJmol-1 ?H=-394.0kJmol-1 Less emissions than coal-firing power plants Ten-fold Reduction in offgas volume per MWH: – 5 X—no nitrogen in “flue gas” – 2 X—80% efficiency cuts all “flue gas” in half per ton of coal Fuel Theoretical limit =?G/?H Utilization Efficiency μ V/Vo=ε Efficiency= [?G/?H][μ] [V/Vo] Power density (kW/L) C 1.003 1.0 0.80 0.80 20.0 CH4 0.895 0.80 0.80 0.57 2.4 H2 0.70 0.80 0.80 0.45 4.2 Evolution of DCFC 1 LAMD In 1896, Dr. William Jacques cells consisting of 100 single cells Anode: rods of baked coal Cathode: iron pots as, electrolyte: molten NaOH 400–500?C 100 mA/cm?2 1.5 kW This could be considered the first DCFC, but there are many speculations over the actual performance and the results cannot be reproduced by others. The first literature-recorded :Bacquerelle in 1885 and Jablochkoff in 1877 built electrochemical devices using electrode-grade carbon as anode, Pt/Fe as cathode, and fused KNO3 as