Conversion and Inversion幻灯片.pptVIP

Conversion By conversion we mean that in translation a word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is not necessarily to be turned into one of the same part of speech in another language. In practical translation work, words in the original, if necessary, may be turned into words identical in meaning but different in part of speech in the target text. Change of word class 词类转换法 Conversion between Noun Verb Conversion between Adjective Verb Conversion between Verb Preposition/Adverb Conversion between Adjective Adverb “印象” ﹑“态度” ﹑“特点”这些概念在汉语中只能用名词来表达，然而在英语中则常常可用动词来表达。 林则徐认为，要成功地禁止鸦片买卖，就得首先把鸦片焚毁了。 Lin Zexu believed that a successful ban of the opium trade must be preceded by the destruction of the drug itself. 绝对不允许违反这个原则。 No violation of this principle can be tolerated. 英语通常被看成是一种“名词化”（nominalization) 语言。名词化成为讲英语的人使用的最灵活的、最有创造性的语言手段。从结构上说，名词化指的是把动词或形容词通过一定的方式如加缀等转化为名词的语法过程。名词化是科技英语和其他正式语体的一大特征，因为这些语体需要涉及到抽象的概念。 -- 厦门大学博士生导师杨信彰教授 This paper analyzes the problem and solves it. This paper gives an analysis of the problem and offers a solution. Conversion between Adj Verb She was gazing across the sea, apparently ignorant of him. 她在眺望大海，显然没有看见他。 But this very formulation is indicative of the underlying attitude. 但这一说法本身已表明其根本态度。 获悉贵国遭受地震，我们极为关切。 We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake. They were news-hungry/job-hungry. 他们迫切地想得到消息/工作。 英语中一些表示情感、心态的形容词用作表语时，常常可转换成动词。汉语中一些表示知觉、情感等心理状态的动词，往往可以转换成“be+形容词”的结构来表达。 Conversion between Verb Prep / Adv 我们全体赞成他的建议。 We were all in favour of his suggestion. 他们不顾一切困难挫折，坚持战斗。 They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks. The Red Army Men marched on bravely against the piercing wind. 红军顶着刺骨的寒风英勇前进。 It is our sacred duty to support their just struggle for national liberation. 支持他们争取民族解放的正义斗争是我们神圣的职责。 英语中的介词尤其丰富，一些介词，尤其是那些具有动词意义的介词或介词词组，在汉译时可转换为动词。 他们的实验已经结束了。