采矿专业英语文章带翻译.docVIP

英译汉 Underground Mining Methods 地下采矿方法 Room and Pillar Mining 房柱采矿法 Ramps (inclined tunnels) are excavated to connect the surface to the underground orebody. Drifts (horizontal tunnels) are excavated at different elevations to surround the orebody. Next, stopes (tunnels that have direct access to mining the ore) are mined to gain access to the ore. All tunnels are excavated by drilling and blasting. Jumbos are in charge of drilling the holes in the rocks and filling them with explosives. The loose rock, also called muck, is transported by either dump trucks back up to the surface for either waste disposal or processing. 矿体由隧道（斜井）与地表联通。阶段运输巷道分布在矿体的不同水平。接下来，在采场采场开采矿石。所有巷道通过钻孔和爆破的方式开掘的。钻车是用来在岩石上钻研和并将钻孔填装炸药。松动的岩石，也称为废石，由自卸卡车运输至废石场。 As mucking progresses, rooms (tunnels) are cut into the ore body. In order to provide safe roof support for mining, pillars of material around the rooms are left standing to hold up the rock ceiling above. Some parts of the mine roof can be particularly weak and fragile. In addition to pillar support, a jumbo is then brought back in for rock bolting of the roof to ensure safety. 随着巷道的掘进，矿体被分割成矿块。为了给采矿作业提供一个安全的顶板，矿房四周留下矿柱来支撑顶板。矿井顶板可以分为一般稳固和极不稳固。除了矿柱支撑，钻车可以安装锚杆稳固顶板，以确保安全。 When all the ore in the stopes has been transported up to surface, some pillars can be removed, since they still have valuable mineral content, while some must be left standing to provide active support for the ceiling. In some room and pillar mines, pillars are all excavated as mining nears completion, to allow the natural collapse of the roof. 当采场内所有的矿石被运送至地表时，因为矿柱含有有价值的矿物，有些矿柱可以回收，然而有些矿柱必须保留下来支撑顶板。在一些矿房法采矿的矿山，当矿床开采完时，矿柱全部回收，让顶板自然垮塌。 Cut and Fill Stoping 充填采矿法 In cut and fill stoping, the orebody is retrieved in horizontal slices beginning at the very bottom and advancing upwards towards the surface. Ramps (inclined tunnels) are excavated to connect the surface to the underground ore body. Drifts are excavated to come in contact with the ore slices. The slices are drille