含硒单链抗体酶的研究.docVIP

摘 要 酶指由生物体内活细胞产生的一种生物催化剂。大多数由蛋白质组成（少数为RNA）。能在机体中十分温和的条件下，高效率地催化各种生物化学反应，促进生物体的新陈代谢。机体在抗原物质刺激下，由B分化成的所产生的、可与相应抗原发生特异性结合反应的免疫球蛋白。GPX成为了科学家们重点研究的对象。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）是机体内广泛存在的一种重要的过氧化物分解酶。硒是GSH-Px酶系的组成成分，它能催化GSH变为GSSG，使有毒的过氧化物还原成无毒的羟基化合物，同时促进H2O2的分解，从而保护细胞膜的结构及功能不受过氧化物的干扰及损害。GPX的用处、研究目的、研究方向、发展前景以及具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的含硒单链抗体酶制备等。 关键词：GPX 抗体 酶 抗体酶 Abstract Enzyme by living cells in vivo produce a biological catalyst. Most of them are composited by protein (for a small number of RNA). In the body in very mild conditions, could catalytic various biochemical reactions in high efficiency, and promote the metabolism of organisms. Antibody is immunoglobulin which is B cells to differentiate into plasma cells generated and can occur with the corresponding antigen-specific when body is stimulated by the antigen . With the development of modern science and technology, people have gradually deepen understanding of health, a growing number of scientists into the single-chain antibody of the selenium content in the study of enzymes, GPX has become the focus of research scientists object. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) is the body a wide range of the existence of an important enzyme peroxidase. Se-GSH-Px is the composition of enzymes, which catalyzed GSH into GSSG, so that reduction of toxic peroxides into non-toxic hydroxy compounds, at the same time to promote the decomposition of H2O2, thereby protecting the membrane structure and function of oxidation is not well interference and damage to structures. In this paper, the usefulness of GPX, research purposes, research, development prospects, as well as glutathione peroxidase activity of single-chain antibody-containing preparation, such as enzymes. Keyword: GPX Antibody Enzyme Abzyme 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 1.1背景 1 1.2谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX)及其作用 1 1.3国内外含硒单链抗体酶的研究状况 2 1.4研究内容及目的 2 第二章 抗体及其作用 3 2.1抗体及其分类 3 2.2抗体结构 3 2.3抗体的生物活性和功能 4 第三章 酶及其作用 5 3.1酶的发现及其定义 5 3.2酶的功能和酶催化的特点 5 3.3影响酶活力的因素 6 3.4酶的催化优点 8 第四章 抗体酶及其功能 10 4.1抗体酶的发现 10 4.2抗体酶的制备方法 10 4.3抗体酶