坡度对坡面降雨产流规律的影响 - 河海期刊网.pdfVIP

第45卷第4期 河 海 大 学 学 报 ( 自然 科 学 版 ) Vol.45 No.4 2017年7月 Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences) Jul. 2017 DOI:10.3876/ j.issn.1000 1980.2017.04.014 坡度对坡面降雨产流规律的影响 王摇 杰,王摇 妍,许晓梁,陈摇 力 (河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏 南京摇 210098) 摘要:通过建立概化坡面模型,设置不同坡度下的单层无限深均质各向同性梯形壤土剖面,在不考 虑蒸散发和土壤水分滞后效应的前提下,假定若干初始土壤含水量,借助Hydrus软件,在给定时空 分布均匀降雨的条件下对Richards爷方程进行数值计算以探索坡度对霍顿型降雨产流过程的影响。 结果显示产流基本随坡度增加而减小,而初始土壤含水量增加将抑制坡度对产流的影响,用幂函数 可以较好地近似产流和坡度之间的关系。 关键词:坡度;降雨产流;初始土壤含水量;Hydrus软件;数值计算 中图分类号:TU122摇 摇 摇 文献标志码:A摇 摇 摇 文章编号:1000 1980(2017)04 0372 05 Effects of slope gradient on rainfall鄄runoff generation process WANGJie,WANG Yan,XU Xiaoliang,CHEN Li (State Key Laboratory of Hydrology鄄Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China) Abstract:Under the conditions of no evapotranspiration and soil water hysteresis,a simplified slope model was established for single鄄layer homogeneous and isotropic soil profiles on a trapezoid slope with infinite depth for different initial watercontents. TheHydrussoftware,whichwasusedtonumerically solveRichards爷equation,was used to investigate the effects of slope gradients on the Horton runoff generation process during temporally and spatially uniform rainfall events. The results show that the runoff on the slope decreases with increasing slope gradients;increasing initial water contents may reduce the influence of slope gradients on runoff; and the relationship between runoff and slope gradients can be well approximated using power functions. Key words:slope gradient;rainfall鄄runoff generation;initial water content in soil;Hydrus software;numerical calculation [1鄄2] 山坡降雨入渗在近一个世纪得到了极大的关注 ,其关系着众多的环境过程