托福阅读细节题四类干扰项的分析.pdfVIP

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 托福阅读细节题四类干扰项分析 Factual information questions（即细节题）是托福阅读中最常见 的题型之一。本文为考生总了四类托福阅读细节题常见干扰项，并给出 相应分析。 细节题（或称事实信息题factual information questions）是托福 阅读中最常见的题型之一，要求考生根据题干要求，从原文中定位解析 相关细节信息，排除干扰选出正确答案。笔者在教学实践中发现，该题 型常见的干扰项设置方式不外乎以下四种： 1. 张冠李戴型 Even development in architecture has been the result of major technological changes. Materials and methods of construction are integral parts of the design of architecture structures. In earlier times it was necessary to design structural systems suitable for the materials that were available, such as wood, stone, brick. Today technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired. Enormous changes in materials and techniques of construction within the last few generations have made it possible to enclose space with much greater ease and speed and with a minimum of material. Progress in this area can be measured by the difference in weight between buildings built now and those of comparable size built one hundred years ago. According to paragraph 4, which of the following is true about materials used in the construction of buildings? ○Because new building materials are hard to find, construction techniques have changed very little from past generations. ○The availability of suitable building materials no longer limits the types of structures that may be built. ○The primary building materials that are available today are wood, stone, and brick. ○Architects in earlier times did not have enough building materials to enclose large spaces. 分析：此题中的选项3说今天我们可以得到的大多数材料是木头、 石头和砖头。显然，文章中说这是过去的建筑材料，而今天人们可以设 计任何所需的材料。这是典型的“张冠李戴”。 2. 以偏概全型 In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthr