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continuous low cost transesterification process for the production of coconut biodiesel连续的低成本椰子生产生物柴油酯交换过程.pdf

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continuous low cost transesterification process for the production of coconut biodiesel连续的低成本椰子生产生物柴油酯交换过程

Energies 2010, 3, 43-56; doi:10.3390/en3010043 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Article Continuous Low Cost Transesterification Process for the Production of Coconut Biodiesel Gajendra Kumar, D. Kumar, Shailandra Singh, S. Kothari, Sumit Bhatt and Chandra P. Singh * Department of Chemistry, Sahu Jain College, Najibabad, 246763, India; E-Mails: tyagi.bjr@ (G.K.); dkumar.sahujain@ (D.K.); shail_ic@ (S.S.); kotharis54@ (S.K.); sumit.inorganic@ (S.B.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: cpsingh.sahu@; Tel.: +91-941-195-2228. Received: 1 September 2009 / Accepted: 28 October 2009 / Published: 14 January 2009 Abstract: Biodiesel, or alkyl ester, is an alternative renewable, biodegradable, and non- toxic diesel fuel produced by the catalytic transesterification of vegetable oil. Here we characterize a system for continuous transesterification of vegetable oil using five continuous stirring tank reactors (5CSTRs). We tested residence times of 16–43min, stirring speeds of 200–800rpm, a catalyst concentration (KOH) of 0.25–1 wt% of oil (in gram), different total flow rates of the oil and MeOH, and on the production performance of the 5 stage continuous reactor for transesterification of vegetable oil. Using a molar ratio of oil:methanol of 1:7 and a reaction temperature of 65 °C, we show that a high stirring speed increased the reaction rate, but an excessive stir speed decreased the reaction rate