conservation of forest birds evidence of a shifting baseline in community structure保护森林鸟类群落结构基线的改变的证据.pdfVIP

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conservation of forest birds evidence of a shifting baseline in community structure保护森林鸟类群落结构基线的改变的证据.pdf

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conservation of forest birds evidence of a shifting baseline in community structure保护森林鸟类群落结构基线的改变的证据

Conservation of Forest Birds: Evidence of a Shifting Baseline in Community Structure 1 1 1 1 Chadwick D. Rittenhouse *, Anna M. Pidgeon , Thomas P. Albright , Patrick D. Culbert , Murray K. 2 3 4 5 6 Clayton , Curtis H. Flather , Chengquan Huang , Jeffrey G. Masek , Susan I. Stewart , Volker C. Radeloff1 1 Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 2 Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 3 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, 4 Department of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America, 5 Biospheric Sciences, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, United States of America, 6 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America Abstract Background: Quantifying changes in forest bird diversity is an essential task for developing effective conservation actions. When subtle changes in diversity accumulate over time, annual comparisons may offer an incomplete perspective of changes in diversity. In this case, progressive change, the comparison of changes in diversity from a baseline condition, may offer greater insight because changes in diversity are assessed over longer periods of times. Our objectives were to determine how forest bird diversity has changed over time and whether those changes were associated with forest