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a unified building model for 3d urban gis一个统一的三维城市gis构建模型
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2012, 1, 120-145; doi:10.3390/ijgi 1020120
OPEN ACCESS
ISPRS International
Journal of
Geo-Information
ISSN 2220-9964
/journal/ijgi/
Article
A Unified Building Model for 3D Urban GIS
Mohamed El-Mekawy 1, Anders Östman 2,* and Ihab Hijazi 3
1 Department of Computer and Systems Sciences (DSV), Stockholm University,
SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; E-Mail: moel@dsv.su.se
2 Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
3 Department of Urban and Regional Planning Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; E-Mail: eehab@
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Anders.Ostman@swedesurvey.se;
Tel.: +46-26-633-337; Fax: +46-26-651-819.
Received: 15 May 2012; in revised form: 15 June 2012 / Accepted: 2 July 2012 /
Published: 17 July 2012
Abstract: Several tasks in urban and architectural design are today undertaken in a
geospatial context. Building Information Models (BIM) and geospatial technologies offer
3D data models that provide information about buildings and the surrounding environment.
The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and CityGML are today the two most prominent
semantic models for representation of BIM and geospatial models respectively. CityGML
has emerged as a standard for m
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