第八章 体力工作负荷（The eighth chapter, physical workload）.docVIP

第八章 体力工作负荷（The eighth chapter, physical workload） 1. why study the forces of human activity? Answer: studying and measuring the strength of human activities is important for improving work effectiveness and reducing injuries. The body force plays a very important role in human activities, but the body force is limited, people can play the output size, direction depends on the body posture, to position and force in the man-machine system design, in order to reduce the strength and reduce the fatigue design of machine and equipment should enable the operator as far as possible the use of proper posture, the best hard parts and the minimum force to complete the operation requirements, so we need to study the strength of human activities. 2. what is physical workload? Answer: physical work load refers to the amount of physical work load per unit time. 3. what are the methods of measuring physical workload? Answer: (1) physiological change determination; (2) biochemical changes were measured (3) subjective sensation test 4. what are the basic metabolic quantities, the amount of silent metabolism, and the amount of energy metabolism? A: basal metabolic capacity is the amount of energy that a person must consume to maintain his life in absolute quiet (supine state). Silent metabolism refers to the amount of energy consumed by the body in order to maintain balance and certain positions in the body. The total amount of energy consumed by the human body during work or exercise is called energy metabolism. 5. to compare the law of static oxygen consumption and dynamic oxygen consumption. Answer: static operation is characterized by a low level of energy consumption, but prone to fatigue. Even if the labor intensity is great, the oxygen requirement can not reach the upper limit of oxygen, usually not more than 1L per minute. But within a few minutes after the operation was stopped, the oxygen consumption did not decrease as rapidly as the dynamic operation, but increased first,