生物高二复习（Biology review）.docVIP

生物高二复习（Biology review） I. The composition and relationship of internal environment 1. composition: internal environment = plasma + tissue fluid + lymph (etc.) 2. contact: Test 1: environmental components (P9: 1 judgment Jinbang training) Two, the internal environment of the function: the exchange of materials between cells and the external environment (see chart P2 chart) media Test site 2: the internal environment is the medium for the exchange of cells with the external environment (review questions (1): 30) Three, homeostasis (relatively stable and dynamic equilibrium) 1. steady state content 1) components (in plasma) = water + protein + inorganic salt + other (grape, hormone, waste, etc.) The most important difference between the three extracellular fluids is that the plasma contains more proteins 2) physical and chemical properties The osmotic pressure ( = concentration) - inorganic salt + protein (90% NaCl) PH (near neutral) buffer pair (mainly H2CO3/HCO3-) Temperature (about 37 DEG C) Test 3: three components of extracellular fluid on the main difference (over P4:1) Test 4: the reason of osmotic pressure and pH homeostasis (Jinbang P8:1, 4) Test site 5: tissue edema (P91:6) Summary: causes of increased tissue fluid (edema) Elevated a tissue fluid pressure (e.g., excessive metabolic waste) B decreased plasma osmolality (mainly due to decreased plasma protein) C lymphatic obstruction 2., the regulatory mechanism of homeostasis: nerve humoral immune regulatory network Regulation principle: mainly negative feedback Regulation ability: a certain limit (steady state maladjustment) 3. important significance of homeostasis: homeostasis is a necessary condition for the organism to perform normal life activities Test 6: homeostasis (P7: 2 Jinbang example) Test point 7: steady state adjustment mechanism Test 8: film problem (example 1, Jinbang P3: knowledge of (a) P91:7) The second chapter is the first section I. conduction of excitability on nerve fibers 1. excitement