生理1（Physiological 1）.docVIP

生理1（Physiological 1） Physiology Unit breakdown First, the basic functions of cells Substance transport function of 1. cell membrane (1) simple diffusion (2) facilitated diffusion (3) active transport 2. cell excitability and bioelectric phenomena (1) excitability and threshold (2) resting potential and action potential and their production principle (3) the concept of polarization, depolarization, hyperpolarization and threshold potential (4) the characteristics of conduction on the same cell 3. contractile function of skeletal muscle cells (1) excitatory transmission at the neuromuscular junction (2) excitation contraction coupling Two. The composition and characteristics of blood 1. blood (1) internal environment and homeostasis (2) the concept of blood volume, blood composition and hematocrit (3) the concept of plasma and serum; plasma osmolality; 2. the number and basic function of red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet Typing principle of 3. blood group AB0 blood group system Three, blood circulation, 1. heart physiology (1) heart rate, the concept of cardiac cycle (2) cardiac ejection volume, central chamber volume, pressure, and valve Changes in opening and closing and flow direction (3) cardiac output and its influencing factors (4) action potential of sinoatrial node and ventricular myocytes; (5) the characteristics of myocardial cells automatic rhythm, conduction, excitability and contraction 2. vascular physiology (1) the concept of arterial blood pressure (2) the formation of arterial blood pressure and its influencing factors 3. regulation of cardiovascular activity (1) carotid sinus and aortic arch baroreceptor reflex (2) the regulation of epinephrine and norepinephrine on cardiovascular activity Four, breathing 1. lung ventilation function (1) the concept of breathing and three basic links (2) the principle of pulmonary ventilation: the power and resistance of pulmonary ventilation (3) vital capacity and forced expiratory volume; (4) pulmonary