Ocean carriage海洋贸易.pptVIP

The Widely Used Mode of Transportation cheap efficient last longest high labor productivity Disadvantage vulnerable slow less punctual not directly IMO The Interntional Maritime Organization MARAD The United States Maritime Administration Major Ocean Carriage Modes Shipment with a fixd date with a specific time period with an indefinite date Major Ocean Carriage Modes Carriage modes Conference Line Vessels Charter Ships Non-conference Line Vessels Tramp Ships Coference Line Vessels Characteristics “4 fixed” ports Sailing schedule Freight Shipping route Coference Line Vessels fixed schedules efficientive not flexible Non-conference Line Vessels Regulated by shipping companies. unfixed flexible sometime inefficientive Tramp ships characters Wildly used no firms schedule Much cheaper no regular routes sent in bulk Sail off directly No fixed rates Types of cargo vessels General cargo vessels（普通货轮） Oil tankers（油轮） Container vessels（集装箱船） Ro/Ro vessels（滚装货轮） LASH (Lighter Abroad Ship)（载驳船) Timber ship（木材船） Refrigerated ship (冷藏船) Oil/Bulk/Ore (OBO) vessels（石油散货矿石船) Ro/Ro vessels（滚装货轮） LASH (Lighter Abroad Ship)（载驳船) Refrigerated ship Its for carrying perishable cagoes. Often separated into several closed cabins Different temperatures in cabins Oil/Bulk/Ore (OBO) vessels Multi-purpose ships designed for switching between bulk shipment of oil and bulk grain,fertilizer and ore. center tank center tank is used to load bulk or ore Top tank,side tank are used to load bulk Charter ships It falls into 3 kinds: voyage charter, time charter and demise charter. (1). Voyage charter 定程租船 (2). Time Charter 定期租船 (3). Demise charter 光船租船 Charter Ships Voyage Charter Time Charter Bare Boat Charter (BBC) pay dead freight; stipulate laytime; pay demurrage charge; get dispatch money remain crew and master; renter bear expenditures demise charter: bear almost every