ghost management how much of the medical literature is shaped behind the scenes by the pharmaceutical industry鬼管理多少医学文献是幕后的制药工业.pdfVIP

Essay Ghost Management: How Much of the Medical Literature Is Shaped Behind the Scenes by the Pharmaceutical Industry? Sergio Sismondo “What is the purpose of publications?…[The] agents control or shape multiple steps exerts infl uence at multiple stages of purpose of data is to support, directly or indirectly, in the research, analysis, writing, and research, writing, and publication, it will the marketing of our product.” [1] publication of articles. Such articles are shape the resulting article. In turn, bias “ghostly” because signs of their actual affects medical opinion and practice, From Ghost Writing to Ghost production are largely invisible— and ultimately, patients. Management academic authors whose names appear How Common Is Ghost at the tops of ghost-managed articles There are many reports of medical give corporate research a veneer of Management? journal articles being researched independence and credibility. They are Because ghost management is hidden, and written by or on behalf of “managed” because those companies we cannot tell how common it is from pharmaceutical companies, and shape the eventual message conveyed published exposés. Current practices in then published under the name of by the article or by a suite of articles. the medical sciences legitimately allow academics who had played little role As discussed below, a substantial people to serve as authors on the basis earlier in the research a