genomic analysis of parent-of-origin allelic expression in arabidopsis thaliana seeds基因组分析parent-of-origin等位基因表达在拟南芥种子.pdfVIP

Genomic Analysis of Parent-of-Origin Allelic Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds Mary Gehring1,2,3,4*, Victor Missirian2,5, Steven Henikoff1,2 1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 2 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 3 Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 5 Department of Computer Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America Abstract Differential expression of maternally and paternally inherited alleles of a gene is referred to as gene imprinting, a form of epigenetic gene regulation common to flowering plants and mammals. In plants, imprinting primarily occurs in the endosperm, a seed tissue that supports the embryo during its growth and development. Previously, we demonstrated that widespread DNA demethylation at remnants of transposable elements accompanies endosperm development and that a subset of these methylation changes are associated with gene imprinting. Here we assay imprinted gene expression genome-wide by performing high-throughput sequencing of RNA derived from seeds of reciprocal intraspecific crosses. We identify more than 200 loci that exhibit parent-of-origin effects on gene expression in the endosperm, including a large number of transcription factors, hormone biosynthesis and response genes, and genes that encode regulators of epigenetic information, such as methylcytosine binding proteins, histone methyltransferases, and chromatin remodelers. The majority of these genes are partially, rather than completely, imprinted, suggesting that gene dosage regulation is an important aspect of i