商品大米中Cd,Pb,Cr的污染状况及健康风险评价[J].PDFVIP

基因组学与应用生物学，2012 年，第31 卷，第3 期，第295-302 页 Genomics and Applied Biology, 2012, Vol.31, No.3, 295-302 研究报告 Research Report 商品大米中Cd、Pb 、Cr 的污染状况及健康风险评价 王国莉* 惠州学院生命科学系, 惠州, 516007 * 通讯邮箱, lily0308@hzu.edu.cn 摘 要 为了解本地商品大米中重金属的污染情况，采用微波消解法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱 (ICP-AES)法，对 144 个大米样品进行Cd 、Pb 和Cr 含量的检测，采用单项污染指数和内梅罗综合指数法对 其污染状况和健康风险进行分析评价。结果表明，样品中Cd 、Pb 和Cr 的超标率分别为0.69% 、27.78%和 34.03% 。无等级大米中3 种重金属的超标率高于有等级大米，但差异不显著。本土商品大米样品中Cd 的 含量显著高于外省样品，Pb 含量差异不显著，Cr 的含量显著低于外省样品。144 个样品中处于安全级别的 样品仅占 63.89% 。健康风险评价结果显示，当地居民通过食用大米实际摄入 Cd 和Pb 的量都低于 FAO/WHO 推荐的每人每日的允许摄入量，不存在严重的健康风险，但却存在Cr 的健康风险问题。 关键词 商品大米, 惠州, 重金属污染, 风险评价 Evaluation of the Pollution and Health Risk Caused by Cd, Pb and Cr in Rice Samples from Open Markets Wang Guoli * Department of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516007 * Corresponding email, lily0308@hzu.edu.cn DOI: 10.3969/gab.031.000295 Abstract In order to understand the pollution of heavy metals in local rice from open markets, contents of Cd, Pb and Cr from 144 rice samples in Huizhou were determined by microwave digestion and ICP ·-AES. The evaluation of pollution and health risk was done with methods of single pollution index and synthetic pollution indices. Results indicated that contents of Cd, Pb and Cr from rice samples exceeded allowable limit by 0.69%, 27.78% and 34.03% respectively. The allowable limit of heavy metal contents exceeded more in samples without grade mark than that in samples with grade mark, but there was no significant difference between them. Cd content in local samples was significantly higher than that in outside province, yet Pb content had no significant difference between them. The Cr content was significantly lower than that in the later. Among the 144 samples, safe samples accounted for 63.89%. Risk evaluation results showed that the uptake of Cd and Pb from rice by local residents was lower than personal daily allowance amount recommended by FAO/WHO.