从西南地区出土的青铜鸡看家鸡起源问题 - 中国考古.pdfVIP

2014 4 5 1 考古与文物 年第 期 从西南地区出土的青铜鸡看家鸡起源问题 施劲松 ( ， 1007 10) 中国社会科学院考古研究所 北京市 : 关键词 家鸡 三星堆青铜鸡 青铜鸡杖 : 。 2 摘要 我国西南地区出土较多时代相当于商时期至汉代的青铜鸡 其中三星堆 号器物坑出土的青铜公鸡形似 ， ， 。 ， 。 家鸡 它与象征太阳的青铜鸟等共出 可能用以表现鸡鸣日出 其他青铜鸡多为杖首 或许也与鸡能报晓计时有关 、 ， 考察这些青铜鸡的形态和出土背景 认识家鸡的动物习性与相关文化现象 或有助于判别此类人工制品所表现的种属 并丰富家养动物的辨别标准。 KEY WOＲDS :Domestic chicken Bronze rooster of the Sanxingdui Site Bronze chicken mounted staff ABSTＲACT :This paper focuses on a certain amount of bronze chickens unearthed in Southwestern China ，dating back to the time from the Shang Dynasty to the Han Dynasty． Among them ，one bronze rooster from the pit No． 2 at the Sanxingdui site looks similar to domestic chicken in appearance． Since it was unearthed together with bronze birds symbolizing the Sun ，we may deduce that the bronze rooster probably symbolizes an idea that rooster crows at sunrise． In addition ，most other bronze chickens unearthed in Southwestern China are used as staff head． This pattern perhaps is related to the fact that rooster crows and can be used for timing． The author concludes that the study of these bronze chickens ，including their typology and archaeo- logical background within the context of the biological habits of relevant animals as well as corresponding cultural phenomena ， can to a certain extent help us identify the species of such animal-shaped artifacts and further supplement the identification cri- teria of domesticated animals． 鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson)出现的时间 ， 。 ，