美国社会与文化课程第五章教学PPTchapter 5.The Heritage of Abundance.ppt

The Woolworth’s, New York 1903 The Macy’s in Herald Square, New York City ,1907 The A P The Macy’s in Herald Square, New York City, today Family’s Expenditures in 1900 2 bicycles 70 Wringer washboard 5 Brushes and brooms 5 Sewing machines (mechanical) 25 Total 105 automobile 700 radio 75 Phonograph (record player) 50 Washing machine 150 Vacuum cleaner 50 Sewing machine (electrical) 60 Other electrical equipment 25 Telephone (year) 35 Total 1,145 TV in the 1940s TV in the 1950s TV commercials of the 1950s 1 Facts about American Abundance 2 Factors Responsible for American Abundance 3 Consumerism 4 Abundance and its problems Abundant material wealth—an integral part of the American character ● 5 percent of world population and 25 percent of world energy ●“a country on the wheel”: one car for 1.3 persons (2014) A “throw-away” country with a “buy-it-now” culture ● Types of throw-away products 2.1 Gift of nature ◆ A vast territory ◆ Abundant natural resources 2.2 Development of industry and agriculture ◆ Industrialization ◆ Modern agriculture 2.3 Traditional values ◆ self-reliance, competition ◆ material wealth and hard work (other countries?) 3.1 The rise of consumerism ◆ Consumerism--the belief that it’s good to buy and use a lot of goods. ◆ Reasons for the rise of consumerism ● Effects of industrialization: lower prices and higher wages ● Agricultural revolution ● Modern advertising ● Department stores and chain stores 3.2 The 1920s—Consumerism in full bloom ◆ higher standards living A car became a necessity rather than a luxury. A Ford Model T cost less than $300 when workers in manufacturing earned about $1,300 a year and clerical workers about $2,300. ◆ Reasons for the expansion of the consumer society in the 1920s ● Advertising: newspapers,