美国经济专题 8 1次.pptVIP

CHAPTER 8 AMERICAN AGRICULTURE: ITS CHANGING SIGNIFICANCE 1. Agriculture and the Economy 2. Early Farm Policy in the United States 3. Farm Policy of the 20th Century 4. Farming Post World-War II 5. In the 1980s and 1990s 6. Farm Policies and World Trade 7. Farming As Big Business From the nations earliest days, farming has held a crucial place in the American economy and culture. Farmers play an important role in any society, of course, since they feed people. 1. Agriculture and the Economy hold a crucial place in 占据重要位置 But farming has been particularly valued in the United States. Early in the nations life, farmers were seen as exemplifying economic virtues such as hard work, initiative, and self-sufficiency. 1. Agriculture and the Economy exemplify 例证 virtue 典范，美德，优点 initiative 积极，主动 1. Agriculture and the Economy American farmers owe their ability to produce large yields to a number of factors. For one thing, they work under extremely favorable natural conditions. USA has richest soil in the world, rainfall is modest; rivers and underground water permit extensive irrigation. owe ……to 把…归因于 rainfall 降雨量 irrigation 灌溉 地面灌溉 喷灌 滚移喷灌 滴灌 渗灌 1. Agriculture and the Economy Large capital investments and increasing use of highly trained labor also have contributed to the success of American agriculture too. During the colonial period of Americas history, the British Crown carved land up into huge chunks, which it granted to private companies or individuals. These grantees divided the land further and sold it to others. 2. Early Farm Policy in the United States British Crown 英国王室 huge chunk 大块 grant 赠与 grantee 受赠人 Plowing the field 1866 2. Early Farm Policy in the United States When independence from England came in 1783, Americas Founding Fathers needed to develop a new system of land distribution. They agreed that all unsettled lands would come under the authority of the federal government, which could then sell it for $2.50 an acre ($6.25 a hectare). Foun