第一讲 对比.pptVIP

A comparative study of syntactic structures of E and C Subject and verb Theme and rheme A comparative study of syntactic structures of E and C English sentence structure is composed of noun phrase (s) and verb phrase (s). So it is normal to have a subject before a verb. This S-V concord forms the kernel of a sentence. English sentences, however complicated, can be reduced to five basic patterns as below: SV The meeting began. SVP We are students. SVO He beat the bush. SVoO She gave me an apple. SVOC We elected him our monitor. Subject and verb vs. theme and rheme Chinese, which is relatively free from the governance of S-V structure and formal markers, is characterized by theme and rheme structure. theme (topic) and rheme (comment) Subject and verb vs. theme and rheme  家里的事不用你管，干你正经事去。 这锅饭三个人吃。 会议室里正在开会。 五四以后到了新红学时代，代表人物有胡适，俞平伯等。 A dialect is known by every linguist in this room. You don’t grow the grain you eat and you don’t make the clothes you wear. Subject and verb vs. theme and rheme 家里的事不用你管，干你正经事去。 Don’t take care of the family, and attend your own business. 这锅饭三个人吃。 The pot of rice can feed three people. 会议室里正在开会。 The meeting is on in the room. 五四以后到了新红学时代，代表人物有胡适，俞平伯等。 The May Fourth Movement saw the beginnings of the new Redology, represented by scholars such as Hu Shi and Yu Pingbo. Subject and verb vs. theme and rheme A dialect is known by every linguist in this room. 这个房间的每位语言学家都懂这种方言。 You don’t grow the grain you eat and you don’t make the clothes you wear. 你吃的粮食不是你种的，你穿的衣服不是你做的。 Hypotactic vs Paratactic Hypotaxis (形合法) is the dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with syntactic or lexical devices. Parataxis（意合法） is the arranging of clauses one after the other through semantic device showing the relation between them. Hypotactic vs Paratactic 我买了7本书，（书）一共7元钱，（我）拿回家一看，（书）都是半旧半新的。 林小姐这天从学校回来（她）就撅起小嘴唇。她掼下书包，（她）并不照例到镜台前梳头发搽粉，（她）却躺在床上看着账子出神。 发展体育运动，增强人民体质。 Hyp