2016必威体育精装版考研语法知识pdf.doc

第一篇 语 法 结 构 第一章 时 态 内 容 提 要 一般现在时表示现在、经常或习惯的动作或状态和普遍现象、常识或客观真理；一般过去时用于过去某一时 间内发生的或过去习惯性的动作或状态；一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，将来打算做的事情；现 在完成时表示过去发生的动作造成目前的结果和对现在造成的影响或表示从过去延续至今的动作、状态和习惯 等；将来完成时表示将来某时之前业已完成或发生的事情；过去完成时表示过去某时间之前已经发生的动作或状 况，即过去的过去。注意每一种时态与其他时态的交叉使用情况。英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以 study 为例)： 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时 study am studying have studied have been studying 现在 is studying studies has studied has been studying are studying 过去 studied was studying had studied had been studying were studying 将来 shall study shall be studying shall have studied shall have been studying will study will be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将 should study should be studying should have studied should have been studying 来 would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying 但考试中出现的一般有以下几种。 第一节 一般现在时 一、表示一般性或经常发生的动作或状态 In general ［A］ ， newspapers emphasize current news， whereas ［B］ magazines dealt ［C］ more with ［D］ background materials. The adult mosquito usually lives for about ［A］ thirty days， although ［B］ the life span varied ［C］ widely with temperature， humidity， and other ［D］ factors of the environment. Industrial buyers ［A］ are responsible ［B］ for supplying ［C］ the goods and services that an organization required ［D］ for its operations. 二、表示习惯性动作和状态或普遍的现象或常识 4. It is an accepted ［A］ custom in west countries that ［B］ men removed ［C］ their hats when a woman enters ［D］ the room. Certain layers of the atmosphere have special names _____ . ［A］which indicated their character properties ［B］whose characteristic properties were indicating ［C］what characterize their indicated properties ［D］that indicate their characteristic properties  2004 年考研资料――语法知识 第 1 页 共 93 页 三、表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理。在宾语从句中，即使主句的谓语动词用了过去时