2014高考英语二轮语法篇专题︰专题9非谓语动词.pptVIP

专题九 非谓语动词;二、非谓语动词的句法功能; 【考点一】考查非谓语动词的时态和语态 ; 动名词;She regrets not having studied the computer hard. Having done their homework, the boy went home. They stood there, talking. I am used to watching TV in the evening. He is said to be playing a part in the film. The novel was said to have been published. His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 【考点二】考查非谓语动词用作主语 (1)不定式作主语：侧重于动作的具体性和将来性，还可以用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。一般用it作形式主语，主语的不定式短语后置。 (2)动名词作主语：通常表示抽象动作，还可以表示一件已知的事或经验。动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 注意：动名词作主语时，常用it作形式主语，用于以下句型： It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a good pleasure ... +doing It is useless/good/worthwhile ... +doing;It is not very good for you to smoke so much.（具体） It took me only five minutes to finish the job. It is fun playing chess with Jack. I don’t mind Jack (him) going. Their coming to help was a great. There is no denying that she is very efficient. 【考点三】考查非谓语动词用作状语 (1)不定式作状语 ①不定式作目的状语：in order (not) to（可放在句首,也可放在句中）；so as (not) to（只能放在句中）。 ②不定式作结果状语（出人意料的结果）：too ...to, enough to, （only） to, so + adj./adv.+as to等。 “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, to get it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.” He hurried to the station （only） to find that the train had left. ③不定式作原因状语：用在表示心理感觉的形容词后，说明产生这种情绪的原因。 I’m very glad to see you.; (2)现在分词作状语 ①分词可在句中作时间、原因、条件、结果(顺其自然的结果)、让步、伴随或方式等状语。 ②现在分词无论作何种状语，它的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语可能是分词动作的执行者，也可能是分词动作的承受者。 ③在一些表示说话者态度的固定表达方式中，分词短语的逻辑主语和句子的主语是不一致的。 常用结构：generally/strictly/honestly...+speaking judging from.../talking of.../allowing for... considering/seeing/supposing that... Talking of the computer, I like it very much. Considering the time, we have decided to start early tomorrow morning. 【考点四】考查非谓语动词用作定语 (1)动名词作定语 动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示名词的功能或用途。单个的动名词作定语，放在被修饰的词前；动名词短语作定语，放在被修饰的词后。; (2)分词作定语 ①现在分词作定语，表示主动意义，它与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。 ②过去分词作定语，它的逻辑主语就是所修饰的词，有以下三个特点： a. 及物动词的过去分词作定语和它的逻辑主语之间是被动关系，所表示的时间概念是已完成的； b. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成，与它所修饰的名词之间没有被动关系； c. 有些