北京朗阁雅思听力核心技能：同义置换.docVIP

雅思听力核心技能:同义置换 朗阁海外考试研究中心 同义置换，也叫同义转化，英文为“Paraphrase”, 即平行短语，是活跃在雅思听力各大题型中的核心考点。虽说不少烤鸭一致认为听力部分在雅思考试中是比较容易搞定的，但还是有不少考生抱怨，听力题想得高分也绝非易事。教学过程中，印象最深的就是有部分基础较好的同学反映，总是把握不住节奏，往往空前或选项中的关键单词听过去了好久才反应过来甚至还没发现。这里有一个简单的原因：同义置换现象没有识别出来。下面，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家将就同义置换现象给广大考生具体举例分析。 一、同义词、近义词 最常见的同义置换，通常出现在section2,3中，填空题选择题皆有可能出现。 请看以下两个例子： 1）剑四Test2 Section2 Question13: International students may find stress difficult to handle because A. they lack support from family and friends B. they don’t have time to make new friends C. they find it difficult to socialize 听力原文：stress → anxiety, handle → cope with A: lack →without 2）剑五Test2 Section4 Question31: More than _____ times as big as the UK. 听力原文：more than → over, as big as the UK → the size of the UK 3）E.g. However, women are more prepared to ______ about them. 听力原文：more prepared to → more willing to 由此可见，雅思听力题目的同义词置换频度还是比较高的，虽然没有直接考查考生的词汇量，但能够间接地考察考生对关键词灵活处理的能力。以下还有一些高频同义词和近义词，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家希望考生们能够在此基础上自行总结出真题里的同义置换词，切实抓住词的内在含义而非词的形式和表达方式，以不变应万变。 grow → increase, expand, rise, improve, soar, climb, extend, rocket contribute to → cause, trigger, lead to, result in, account for, give rise to, etc. significant → crucial, enormous, dramatic, tremendous, remarkable, substantial, etc. like → resemble, alike, identical, twin, similar depend on → rely upon(on), count on, lean on, reckon on, rest on, etc. large → big, considerable, enormous, gigantic, substantial, vast, massive, numerous, tremendous before → prior to, earlier than, ahead of, previously, formerly, used to, etc. disadvantage → drawback, minus, downside, deficiency, problem, flaw, weakness, weak point 二、词性转换 一般情况下词性转换就是形容词，动词，名词，副词之间的相互转换。请看以下例子： 剑四 Test 3 23. In the seminar the work on writing aims to improve A. confidence B. speed C. clarity 听力原文：techniques to write clearly. Clearly → clarity的paraphrase. （副词与名词间替换） 类似的例子有很多，真题里随处可见。以下是经常发生同义置换的词： clear—clarity wide—width Europe—European satisfy—satisfactory/satisfaction photocopier—photocopying facilities available—availability ass