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Human field of regard, field of view, and attention bias.pdf

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Human field of regard, field of view, and attention bias.pdf

computer methods and programs in biomedicine 135 (2016) 115–123 journal homepage: /journals/cmpb Human ?eld of regard, ?eld of view, and attention bias Woncheol Jang a, Joon-Ho Shin b, Mingyu Kim a, Kwanguk (Kenny) Kim a,* a Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea b Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, South Korea ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 26 December 2015 Received in revised form 7 June 2016 Accepted 18 July 2016 Keywords: Field of view Field of regard Virtual reality Head-mounted display Attention bias ABSTRACT Background and objective: Human ?eld of regard (FOR) is an important concept that should be considered along with ?eld of view (FOV) for people with/without handicaps, but previous studies have neglected this aspect of human perception. In the current study, we suggest and test a new virtual reality (VR) software with which to evaluate individual’s detection abilities in the human FOR. Methods: We conducted measurements of human FOV, FOR, and FOR with visual cue (FORcue), and we evaluated healthy adults’ responses in a ?rst experiment. Participants were asked to detect targets on a head-mounted display (HMD) as quickly as possible in three conditions: (a) FOV: the head rotation doesn’t change the view of the screen in the HMD; (b) FOR: the head rotation changes the view of the screen in the HMD; and (c) FOR-cue: same with the FOR condition but an endogenous visual cue indicating the direction of stimulus. To address the need to increase the number of trials in the FOR condition, we also conducted a second experiment with new samples and four times of trial numbers. Results: The participants’ detection time results indicated that the FOV condition was faster than the FOR-cue and FOR conditions, and the FOR-cue was faster than the FOR condition. Interestingly, we found a unique characteristic in the FOR conditions that did not exist in the FOV condition: The tar