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Can bipolar disorder be viewed as a multi-system inflammatory disease.pdf
Journal of Affective Disorders 141 (2012) 1–10
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Journal of Affective Disorders
journal homepage: /locate/jad
Review
Can bipolar disorder be viewed as a multi-system in?ammatory disease?
Marion Leboyer a,b,?, Isabella Soreca b, Jan Scott a,c, Mark Frye d, Chantal Henry a,b,
Ryad Tamouza e, David J. Kupfer b
a INSERM U955, University Paris-Est, FondaMental Fondation, Fondation de Coopération Scienti?que, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Mondor, 40, Rue de Mesly, Creteil, F-94000, France b Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA c Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK d Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA e Immunology and Histocompatibility Department and INSERM, U 940, Saint-Louis Hospital, F-75010 Paris, France
article info
Article history: Received 2 September 2011 Received in revised form 31 December 2011 Accepted 31 December 2011 Available online 11 April 2012
Keywords: Bipolar disorder Cardiovascular disease Mortality Inflammation Staging Prevention
abstract
Background: Patients with bipolar disorder are known to be at high risk of premature death. Comorbid cardio-vascular diseases are a leading cause of excess mortality, well above the risk associated with suicide. In this review, we explore comorbid medical disorders, highlighting evidence that bipolar disorder can be effectively conceptualized as a multi-systemic inflammatory disease. Methods: We conducted a systematic PubMed search of all English-language articles recently published with bipolar disorder cross-referenced with the following terms: mortality and morbidity, cardio-vascular, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, auto-antibody, retro-virus, stress, sleep and circadian rhythm. Results: Evidence gathered so far suggests that the multi-system involvement is present from the early stages, and therefore requires proactive scr
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