人体胸腰椎体冲击损伤的生物力学研究毕大卫1王伟2费骏3祖罡1.doc

人体胸腰椎体冲击损伤的生物力学研究 毕大卫1 王伟2 费骏3 祖罡1 陈亿民1 魏威3 (1.杭州师范大学医学院附属萧山人民医院, 浙江 杭州311200；2.浙江萧山医院；3.杭州市红十字会医院；) 摘要：目的 探讨人体脊柱胸腰椎在冲击载荷作用下引起的爆裂骨折的生物力学机制及损伤特点。方法 自2009年9月至2009年10月，采集10具新鲜人体脊柱胸腰椎标本，进行动态冲击生物力学实验，建立其动力学实验模型，观察在动态冲击载荷作用下，发生静态和动态冲击响应的相关数据。结果 胸腰椎平均冲击载荷为14425.60±1101.52N，加速度为36.80±2.81g，损伤阈值，动荷系数为2.19±0.44，根据实验结果，得到了高速冲击载荷作用下，人体胸腰椎的静态和动态冲击响应，测量了人体脊柱胸腰椎冲击动力学性质，胸腰椎体的压缩性变形爆裂骨折的生物力学机理。结论 胸腰椎爆裂性骨折是由高能量瞬间释放所导致的严重损伤，生物力学受力作用呈脉冲式变化，胸腰椎体具有生物材料的粘弹性性质。 关键词：胸腰椎骨折；冲击损伤；生物力学 Biomechanics Research of Thoracic and Lumbar Burst Fracture for impact Trauma Abstract Objective In this paper to investigate injuring mechanisms of the thoracolumbar vertebrae during the impact loading caused by the burst fracture morphology and biomechanical mechanism. Methods From September 2009 to October 2009，an experimental model consisting of dynamic of thoracolumbar vertebrae was established: Ten Fresh cadaves human thoracolumbar vertebrae were performed for impact experiments. Results The average impact load of thoracolumbar 14425.60 ± 1101.52N, the acceleration of 36.80 ± 2.81g, damage threshold, dynamic load factor of 2.19 ± 0.44，According to the results of a series of biomechanical experiment obtained under high-speed impact loading, the human thoracolumbar vertebrae static and dynamic impact response, measuring the impact of the human body dynamic nature of the thoracolumbar vertebrae, the thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture of the compression deformation of the biomechanical mechanism. Conclusion Thoracolumbar burst fracture is caused by the release of high-energy moment of serious injury, the role of biomechanical stress pulse was changed, thoracic vertebrae with the viscoelastic properties of biological materials. 项目基金：杭州市医药卫生科技计划项目（编号：2008B0092） 通讯作者：毕大卫 E-mail:david1125hz@ Key words：thoracolumbar vertebrae fracture；Impact damage；Biomechanics 随着现代建筑业及交通业的迅猛发展，高能量暴力所致的脊柱骨折的发生率呈逐年上升趋势[1]。胸腰椎爆裂性骨折是临床常见的人体脊柱损伤之一，常导致脊