碳关税双重性对中国出口贸易的影响——基于CGE模型分析.docVIP

摘 要 2009年，哥本哈根举行了联合国气候变化大会，之后的一年，一百多个国家又在坎昆举行了后续的会议。这就表示，人们对气候的关注越来越多，低碳经济越来越成为国际社会的共识，如何在对环境影响尽可能小的前提下发展经济成为了一个重要的国际命题。而发展低碳经济也成为了我们国家的一个重要的发展道路。 在这样的背景下，以美国为首的发达国家，提出了“碳关税”的设想，欲对各国的碳排放进行国家范围的征税，以此来控制各国的碳排放量。但是这样的做法遭到了以中国为首的发展中国家的强烈抗议。 本文对碳关税的具体的含义进行了探究，接着，从多个方面出发探讨了碳关税的主要特点，然后，运用CGE模型对其进行分析。最后，对我国有进出口业务的相关企业和政府提出了一些对策和建议。 本文一共有四个部分，在第一部分里，探讨了关于碳关税的具体定义；在第二部分，从几个不同的方面探讨了碳关税的一些主要特点，并且运用适当的模型分析了我国的对外贸易受到这一规定影响的程度的大小；在第三部分，根据上述分析，得出中国应对碳关税的对策结论，揭示我国应当在坚持绿色经济，推进环保工作的同时，坚决抵制碳关税的实行。第四部分为结语部分。 本文主要的创新体现在以碳关税为典型代表分析当前非关税贸易壁垒的影响和国际贸易形势。在分析过程中，运用了CGE模型针对碳关税的影响进行定量分析。最终，根据分析结果给出了对策和结论。 关键词：碳关税；中国出口贸易；CGE模型 Abstract With the closing of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen and Cancun climate conference, “ to address climate change , to develop low-carbon economy”has increasingly become the consensus of the international community, how the environmental impact as small as possible under the prerequisite of economic development has become an important project. And one more important issue is the development of a low carbon economy has been included into the “Twelve Five Year Plan”. In this context, the US -led developed countries are seeking to impose a “carbon tariff” to change the current form of global warming and greenhouse gas emissions problems. And this approach has aroused strong opposition to the developing countries led by China and India. Through in-depth reveal American and European countries to actively support political and economic purpose behind carbon tariffs discuss the substance of carbon tariffs, from green trade barriers and tariffs double carbon carbon tariffs and other aspects of the analysis of the characteristics and analysis of carbon tariffs on Chinese foreign trade by the CGE model. The thesis is divided into three parts, the first part introduces the concept of carbon tariffs and duality ; The second part is a huge impact CGE model analysis of carbon tariffs on our exports based ; third part is derived carbon tariffs on Chin