A First Book of ANSI C—ch08.pptVIP

Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Second Edition A First Book of ANSI C, Fourth Edition A First Book of ANSI CFourth Edition Chapter 8 Arrays Objectives One-Dimensional Arrays Array Initialization Arrays as Function Arguments Case Study: Computing Averages and Standard Deviations Two-Dimensional Arrays Common Programming and Compiler Errors Introduction Atomic variable: variable whose value cannot be further subdivided into a built-in data type Also called a scalar variable Data structure (aggregate data type): data type with two main characteristics Its values can be decomposed into individual data elements, each of which is either atomic or another data structure It provides an access scheme for locating individual data elements within the data structure Introduction (continued) One of the simplest data structures, called an array, is used to store and process a set of values, all of the same data type, that forms a logical group Introduction (continued) One-Dimensional Arrays A one-dimensional array, also called a single-dimensional array and a single-subscript array, is a list of values of the same data type that is stored using a single group name One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) To create a one-dimensional array: #define NUMELS 5 int grades[NUMELS]; In C, the starting index value for all arrays is 0 Each item in an array is called an element or component of the array Any element can be accessed by giving the name of the array and the element’s position The position is the element’s index or subscript Each element is called an indexed variable or a subscripted variable One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) One-Dimensional Arrays (continued) Subscripted variables can be used anywhere scalar variables are valid grades[0] = 98; grades[1] = grades[0] - 11; Any expression that evaluates an integer may be used as a subscript #define NUMELS 5 total = 0; /* i