医学摘要标题和副标题.doc

英语医学科研论文摘要写作 标题(Title) 　　　Titles are to be written to be understood by those in your field, telling them exactly wha t you have done in your work.（告诉你的同行确切研究了什么） 　　无论何种形式的标题，都是为了达到本文开始所说的标题写作的三个基本要求：简明扼要、信息丰富、便于索引。 1） Short and concise（简明扼要）：Write in one line (not a sentence); not containing an active verb; not exceeding 25 words or 120-140 letters and spaces; no abbreviations or chemical symbols except those that are generally accepted, e.g. DNA, RNA, AIDS, CT, etc.; 　　2）Informative（信息丰富）：State exactly what you want the reader to know about your paper and your work; 　　3）Indexing（便于索引）：Pack as many key words or indexing terms as possible into the title without overloading it; key words not in the title will be in the abstract or can go in the Key Words section of the paper; key words are usually in the beginning or ending place of the title. 要求尽量把关键词（索引词）安排在标题最前面或最后面的位置上 　　根据以上三条基本原则，注意观察对以下标题的修改： 　　示例： 　　1）视网膜小血管变化是冠状动脉疾病的一个指标 　　Original: Retinal arteriolar changes are an indicator of coronary artery disease 　　问题：标题中应尽量避免使用活用动词 (active verb), 即谓语动词，一般采用名词短语型结构。 　　Revised: Retinal arteriolar changes as an indicator of coronary artery disease 　　 　　2) 用大剂量氨甲喋呤治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病的初步体会 Original: Preliminary experience in using high dose of methotrexate to treat ALL 　　问题：(1) 应尽量避免使用初步体会，初步研究，初步经验之类没有实际意义的词; (2) 除了像AIDS, DNA等已通用的缩略语外，标题中应尽量避免使用缩略语，如ALL应写全称；（3）尽量避免使用动词 　　Revised: High dose methotrexate therapy in acute lymphocytic leukemia 　　或：Use of high dose methotrexate in (the) treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia 　　 　　3) 关于饮食中钾含量与血压关系的研究 　　Original: A research of the relationship between the content of potassium in diet and blood pressure 　　问题：（1）具体的研究一般用study表述 (research一般作不可数名词处理，如much research has been done on…)；标题中如果研究一词前没有限定词，一般都省略，比较：A prospective clinical study of isoniazid-refampicin-pyrazinamide-induced liver injury in an area endemic for hepatitis；（2）表述过于繁琐 　　Revised: Dietary potassium and blood pressure 　　 　　为了满足标题写作的上述，有时对较长标题可采用